耐克因涉嫌歧视白人雇员而受到调查
LearnAndRecord约 12 分钟🤔️小作业：
1. Why does the article quote Christopher DeGroff?
A. To confirm that Nike has probably broken the law
B. To explain why subpoenas are legally invalid in such cases
C. To highlight how atypical the EEOC's public disclosure is
D. To predict the likely outcome of the investigation
无注释原文：
Nike Is Investigated for Alleged Discrimination Against White Workers
From: The Wall Street Journal
The federal watchdog responsible for fighting workplace discrimination has picked a high-profile target in its efforts to eradicate corporate diversity practices: Nike.
The Equal Employment Opportunity Commission said Wednesday that it had opened an investigation into whether Nike discriminated against white workers in hiring, layoffs and other decisions in its efforts to diversify its workforce. The agency filed a subpoena enforcement action against Nike in a federal Missouri court, adding that it had sought information about its diversity efforts since 2018.
Nike, which denied it had violated antidiscrimination laws, said it was taken aback by the move.
“This feels like a surprising and unusual escalation,” a company spokesperson said, adding that it had been cooperating in good faith with the inquiry. “We have shared thousands of pages of information and detailed written responses to the EEOC's inquiry and are in the process of providing additional information.”
Nike is the biggest company yet to be targeted by the agency for its diversity practices in the second Trump administration. The Republican chair of the EEOC, Andrea Lucas, has enthusiastically supported President Trump's efforts to fight what the White House has called “illegal DEI” programs. Last year, she opened investigations into the diversity programs of 20 law firms.
Lucas recently took to social media to urge white men to report if they felt they had been harmed by corporate efforts to diversify workforces. Many employers bolstered those efforts after a national reckoning about racism sparked by George Floyd's murder in 2020.
The EEOC is investigating whether Nike's diversity, equity and inclusion programs resulted in “a pattern or practice of disparate treatment against white employees.” The EEOC didn't refer to any specific allegations from workers who said they had suffered discrimination because of Nike's DEI programs.
As part of the probe, the EEOC has been seeking information about how Nike selects workers for layoffs and how it tracks workers' race and ethnicity data. The agency is also looking into 16 programs that allegedly provide race-restricted mentoring and career development.
The investigation of Nike had been confidential until Wednesday, when the EEOC disclosed the subpoena.
It is unusual for an agency to disclose a procedural action, said Christopher DeGroff, a labor and employment lawyer who follows the EEOC closely. “That's usually an administrative matter related to a confidential process,” he said. “At the investigative stage, no finding has been made.”
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注：完整题目见本文开头；中文文本为华尔街日报官方译文，仅供参考
含注释全文：
Nike Is Investigated for Alleged Discrimination Against White Workers
From: The Wall Street Journal
The federal watchdog responsible for fighting workplace discrimination has picked a high-profile target in its efforts to eradicate corporate diversity practices: Nike.
负责打击职场歧视的联邦监管机构在其根除企业多元化实践的努力中，选择了一个备受瞩目的目标：耐克(Nike)。
watchdog
watchdog /ˈwɒtʃ.dɒɡ/ 表示“（监督公司活动及监护人们权利的）监督人，监察团体；监察员；监察委员会”，英文解释为“A watchdog is a person or committee whose job is to make sure that companies do not act illegally or irresponsibly.”如：an anticrime watchdog group funded by New York businesses 一个由纽约商界资助的反犯罪监察组织。
discrimination
discrimination /dɪˌskrɪm.ɪˈneɪ.ʃən/ 表示“歧视；区别对待”，英文解释为“treating a person or particular group of people differently, especially in a worse way from the way in which you treat other people, because of their skin colour, sex, sexuality, etc.”如：racial/sex/age discrimination 种族/性别/年龄歧视。
profile
profile /ˈprəʊ.faɪl/ 一词经常出现，1）表示“（有关某人的）简介，概况”，英文解释为“A profile of someone is a short article or programme in which their life and character are described.”举个🌰：A newspaper published comparative profiles of the candidates' wives. 一份报纸刊登了候选人妻子们的对比简介。
2）表示“关注度”，英文解释为“If someone has a high profile, people notice them and what they do. If you keep a low profile, you avoid doing things that will make people notice you.”
常用：a high profile 惹人注目/关注；高姿态，a low profile 不惹人注目，低姿态；如：a move that would give Egypt a much higher profile in the upcoming peace talks 会给埃及在即将到来的和平谈判中高关注度的一个行动。
📍如果你把微信语言设置成英文，你就会发现微信官方把头像处理成：Profile Photo，上面的“My Profile”对应的中文则是“个人信息”。
作动词，1）表示“扼要介绍；概述；写简介”，英文解释为“to give or write a description of sb/sth that gives the most important information”举个🌰：His career is profiled in this month's journal.这期月刊概述了他的工作生涯。
2）表示“给……画侧画像；显出……侧面轮廓”，英文解释为“represent in outline from one side”
eradicate
eradicate /ɪˈræd.ɪ.keɪt/ 表示“根除；消灭；杜绝”，英文解释为“to get rid of something completely or destroy something bad”举个🌰：The government claims to be doing all it can to eradicate corruption. 政府声称正尽其所能根治腐败。
diversity
diversity /daɪˈvɜː.sə.ti/ 表示“多样性，多样化”，英文解释为“the fact of many different types of things or people being included in something; a range of different things or people”举个🌰：Does television adequately reflect the ethnic and cultural diversity of the country? 电视节目能充分反映出这个国家民族和文化的多样性吗？
The Equal Employment Opportunity Commission said Wednesday that it had opened an investigation into whether Nike discriminated against white workers in hiring, layoffs and other decisions in its efforts to diversify its workforce. The agency filed a subpoena enforcement action against Nike in a federal Missouri court, adding that it had sought information about its diversity efforts since 2018.
美国公平就业机会委员会(Equal Employment Opportunity Commission, 简称EEOC)周三表示，已展开调查，以确定耐克在努力实现员工队伍多元化的过程中，是否在招聘、裁员和其他决策中歧视白人雇员。该机构在密苏里州一家联邦法院对耐克提起了传票强制执行诉讼，并补充说，自2018年以来，该机构一直在寻求有关该公司多元化举措的信息。
layoff
layoff /ˈleɪ.ɒf/ 表示“解雇，解聘，下岗”，英文解释为“an occasion when a company stops employing someone, sometimes temporarily, because the company does not have enough money or enough work”
subpoena
subpoena /səˈpiː.nə/ 作名词，表示“传票”，英文解释为“a legal document ordering someone to appear in a law court”
作动词，表示“传唤（某人）出庭”，英文解释为“to order someone to go to a law court to answer questions”
Nike, which denied it had violated antidiscrimination laws, said it was taken aback by the move.
耐克否认违反了反歧视法，并表示对EEOC这一举动感到意外。
“This feels like a surprising and unusual escalation,” a company spokesperson said, adding that it had been cooperating in good faith with the inquiry. “We have shared thousands of pages of information and detailed written responses to the EEOC's inquiry and are in the process of providing additional information.”
“这感觉像是一次令人意外和不寻常的升级，”耐克一位发言人说，并补充说，公司一直在真诚地配合调查。“我们已经分享了数千页的信息，就EEOC的质询做出了详细的书面答复，并且正在提供更多信息。”
escalation
表示“升级；恶化；增加”，英文解释为“the process of becoming greater or more serious, or a particular situation when thishappens”举个🌰：The threat of nuclear escalation remains. 核升级的威胁依然存在。
Nike is the biggest company yet to be targeted by the agency for its diversity practices in the second Trump administration. The Republican chair of the EEOC, Andrea Lucas, has enthusiastically supported President Trump's efforts to fight what the White House has called “illegal DEI” programs. Last year, she opened investigations into the diversity programs of 20 law firms.
在特朗普(Trump)第二届政府期间，耐克是迄今为止因其多元化实践而被该机构盯上的最大公司。EEOC的共和党主席安德里亚·卢卡斯(Andrea Lucas)一直热情支持总统特朗普打击白宫所称的“非法的多元化、公平和包容(DEI)”项目的努力。去年，她对20家律师事务所的多元化项目展开了调查。
enthusiastically
enthusiastically /ɪnˌθjuː.ziˈæs.tɪ.kəl.i/ 表示“热情地，激动地”，英文解释为“in a way that shows enthusiasm”举个🌰：The crowd were waving flags and enthusiastically singing patriotic songs. 人群挥舞着国旗，热情洋溢地唱着爱国歌曲。
Lucas recently took to social media to urge white men to report if they felt they had been harmed by corporate efforts to diversify workforces. Many employers bolstered those efforts after a national reckoning about racism sparked by George Floyd's murder in 2020.
卢卡斯最近在社交媒体上敦促白人男性，如果他们觉得因企业为实现员工队伍多元化所做的努力而受到伤害，就应进行举报。在2020年乔治·弗洛伊德(George Floyd)被谋杀引发了全国性的种族主义反思之后，许多雇主加强了这些努力。
bolster
bolster /ˈbəʊl.stər/ 表示“支撑；加固；提高；改善；加强”，英文解释为“to improve sth or make it stronger”如：to bolster sb's confidence / courage / morale 增加某人的信心 / 勇气 / 士气，举个🌰：Hopes of an early cut in interest rates bolstered confidence. 提前降低利率的希望增强了信心。
🎬电影《塞尔拉·伯格斯是废柴》（Sierra Burgess Is a Loser）中的台词提到：I was wondering if you had any suggestions on how to bolster my resume. 想问问 对提升我的简历你有没有什么意见？
The EEOC is investigating whether Nike's diversity, equity and inclusion programs resulted in “a pattern or practice of disparate treatment against white employees.” The EEOC didn't refer to any specific allegations from workers who said they had suffered discrimination because of Nike's DEI programs.
EEOC正在调查耐克的多元化、公平和包容(DEI)项目是否导致了“一种针对白人雇员的差别待遇模式或做法”。EEOC没有提及任何声称因耐克的DEI项目而遭受歧视的员工的具体指控。
disparate
disparate /ˈdɪs.pər.ət/ 表示“截然不同的；迥然不同的，不相干的”，英文解释为“consisting of things or people that are very different and not related to each other”举个🌰：Scientists are trying to pull together disparate ideas in astronomy. 科学家正试图把天文学界各种迥然不同的观点汇集起来。
allegation
allegation /ˌæl.əˈɡeɪ.ʃən/ 表示“指控，指责”，英文解释为“An allegation is a statement saying that someone has done something wrong.”举个🌰：The company has denied the allegations. 该公司否认了这些指控。
As part of the probe, the EEOC has been seeking information about how Nike selects workers for layoffs and how it tracks workers' race and ethnicity data. The agency is also looking into 16 programs that allegedly provide race-restricted mentoring and career development.
作为调查的一部分，EEOC一直在寻求有关耐克如何挑选裁员对象以及如何追踪员工种族和族裔数据的信息。该机构还在调查据称提供有种族限制的指导和职业发展的16个项目。
ethnicity
ethnicity /eθˈnɪsəti/ 表示“种族特点；种族渊源”，英文解释为“Ethnicity is the state or fact of belonging to a particular ethnic group.”举个🌰：He said his ethnicity had not been important to him. 他说他的种族渊源对他向来都不重要。
The investigation of Nike had been confidential until Wednesday, when the EEOC disclosed the subpoena.
对耐克的调查在此前一直是保密的，直到周三EEOC披露了传票。
confidential
confidential /ˌkɒn.fɪˈden.ʃəl/ 表示“秘密的，机密的”，英文解释为“secret, often in a formal, business, or military situation”举个🌰：All information will be treated as strictly confidential. 所有的信息都将被视作绝密。
disclose
disclose /dɪˈskləʊz/ 表示“公开，公布；透露，揭露”，英文解释为“to make something known publicly, or to show something that was hidden”举个🌰：The company has disclosed profits of over £200 million. 这家公司已公布其利润超过两亿英镑。
📍词根“dis-”表示“分开”，“close”意味着“关闭”，整体表示“打开关闭的东西”，即“揭露”或“透露”信息。近义词：reveal（揭示），同根词：disclosure（披露），常用短语：disclose information（透露信息）
It is unusual for an agency to disclose a procedural action, said Christopher DeGroff, a labor and employment lawyer who follows the EEOC closely. “That's usually an administrative matter related to a confidential process,” he said. “At the investigative stage, no finding has been made.”
密切关注EEOC的劳工和就业法律师克里斯托弗·德格罗夫(Christopher DeGroff)说，监管机构披露程序性行动的做法实属罕见。“这通常是与保密程序相关的行政事宜，”他说。“事情正处于调查阶段，还没有得出任何结论。”
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