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今天你练听力了吗？

🤔️小作业：

1. Why does the article mention that UK gamers spent over seven hours a week playing in 2018?

A. To demonstrate that most gamers are addicted

B. To show how gaming habits have changed since the 20th century

C. To compare gaming with other forms of entertainment

D. To provide context for questioning when gaming becomes excessive 

无注释原文：

Are we addicted to video games?

From: BBC

It's human nature to want to play. From board games to sports, games have been an integral part of human culture since time immemorial. Since their invention in the mid-20th century, video games have been among the most popular pastimes. In fact, in 2018 UK gamers spent on average over seven hours a week playing, according to market research conducted by global network provider Limelight. But how much is too much? When does entertainment become an addiction? Are we hooked on video games?

'The urge to play never goes away,' said Sean – not his real name - on the BBC's Victoria Derbyshire programme. His fixation with gaming once involved playing for 48 hours straight. It consumed him to the point he would ignore his family and children and ended up losing them along with his job and home. Since then he has checked into rehab, and despite falling off the wagon once or twice, he has been on track for the last 14 months.

'Sean' is not alone. The UK Addiction Treatment group have noticed an increase in the number of people seeking treatment for gaming addiction from four in 2014 to 22 in 2018, they told the BBC. And in 2018 the World Health Organization classified gaming addiction as a disorder. In the UK, an enquiry into technology addiction held by the Digital, Culture, Media and Sport Select Committee included testimony from self-professed gaming addicts. One, Matus Mikus, said "games by their very nature are addictive."

However, the association for UK Interactive Entertainment informed the committee that there was a 'lack of evidence' around the addiction. They stated that gaming could be a 'force for good, encouraging, among other things, critical thinking skills'. Indeed, in a 2018 BBC article, registrar in anaesthetic and intensive care at Sheffield Teaching Hospital, Rajin Chowdhury seems to agree. Gaming, he says, made him more dextrous, improved hand-eye coordination and aided procedures that were performed remotely through looking at a screen, especially where the surgery controls were not intuitive.

Are video games addictive? It's unclear. Like anything, moderation is key. The games themselves may not be the problem, but letting them negatively impact our lives certainly is. With that in mind, play well, have fun and don't forget to take regular breaks.

- ◆ -

注：完整题目见本文开头；中文文本为机器翻译，仅供参考

含注释全文：

Are we addicted to video games?

From: BBC

It's human nature to want to play. From board games to sports, games have been an integral part of human culture since time immemorial. Since their invention in the mid-20th century, video games have been among the most popular pastimes. In fact, in 2018 UK gamers spent on average over seven hours a week playing, according to market research conducted by global network provider Limelight. But how much is too much? When does entertainment become an addiction? Are we hooked on video games?

玩乐是人类的天性。从棋盘游戏到体育运动，游戏自古以来就是人类文化中不可或缺的一部分。自20世纪中叶诞生以来，电子游戏一直位居最受欢迎的消遣方式之列。事实上，根据全球网络服务商Limelight的市场研究，2018年英国玩家平均每周玩游戏的时间超过七小时。但多长时间才算过度？娱乐何时会演变为成瘾？我们是否已经对电子游戏上瘾了？

board game /ˈbɔːd ˌɡeɪm/ 表示“棋类游戏”，英文解释为“any of many games, for example chess, in which small pieces are moved around on a board with a pattern on it”

integral /ˈɪn.tɪ.ɡrəl/ 表示“构成整体所必需的”，英文解释为“necessary and important as a part of a whole”举个🌰：He's an integral part of the team and we can't do without him. 他是球队不可缺少的一员，没有他我们可不行。

from/since time immemorial表示“从很早开始，自古以来”，英文解释为“for a very long time”举个🌰：Her family had farmed that land since time immemorial. 她的家族从很早开始便在那块土地上耕耘了。

pastime /ˈpɑːs.taɪm/ 表示“消遣，娱乐”，英文解释为“an activity that is done for enjoyment”举个🌰：Do-it-yourself is the nation's most popular pastime. 自己动手是该国最流行的消遣活动。

hooked /hʊkt/ 表示“入迷的，上瘾的”，英文解释为“enjoying something so much that you are unable to stop having it, watching it, doing it, etc.”举个🌰：I was hooked after two episodes. 看过两集之后我就入了迷。

'The urge to play never goes away,' said Sean – not his real name - on the BBC's Victoria Derbyshire programme. His fixation with gaming once involved playing for 48 hours straight. It consumed him to the point he would ignore his family and children and ended up losing them along with his job and home. Since then he has checked into rehab, and despite falling off the wagon once or twice, he has been on track for the last 14 months.

“总想玩游戏的冲动是挥之不去的。”肖恩（化名）在英国广播公司（BBC）《维多利亚·德比郡》节目中坦言。他曾沉迷游戏至连续奋战48小时，严重到置家人孩子于不顾，最终妻离子散、工作不保、居无定所。后来他主动接受戒瘾治疗，虽偶有反复，但近十四个月来已成功步入正轨。

fixation /fɪkˈseɪ.ʃən/ 表示“异常依恋，固恋；癖”，英文解释为“the state of being unable to stop thinking about something or someone, or an unnaturally strong interest in something or someone”举个🌰：He has a fixation with food. 他有恋食癖。

straight作形容词，除了表示“直的”（without a bend or curve; going in one direction only），表示“连续的，不间断的”，英文解释为“following one after another without an interruption”举个🌰：They had been working for 16 hours straight. 他们已经一连工作了16个小时。

类似的：

📍in a row表示“接连地；连续地”，英文解释为“one after another without a break”举个🌰：She's been voted Best Actress three years in a row. 她已经连续3年当选为最佳女演员。

rehab /ˈriː.hæb/ 表示“（吸毒或酗酒者的）康复治疗，康复训练”，英文解释为“the process of helping someone to stop taking drugs or alcohol”举个🌰：She's just finished four months of rehab. 她刚刚做完4个月的康复治疗。

表示“开酒戒；（一段时间不喝后）又重新喝起酒来”，英文解释为“to start drinking alcohol, after a period when you have drunk none”举个🌰：When her husband died, she fell off the wagon. 她丈夫死后，她又重新喝起酒来。

表示“有望成功；在正轨上”，英文解释为“making progress and likely to succeed”举个🌰：They're on track to make record profits. 他们有望获得创纪录的利润。

'Sean' is not alone. The UK Addiction Treatment group have noticed an increase in the number of people seeking treatment for gaming addiction from four in 2014 to 22 in 2018, they told the BBC. And in 2018 the World Health Organization classified gaming addiction as a disorder. In the UK, an enquiry into technology addiction held by the Digital, Culture, Media and Sport Select Committee included testimony from self-professed gaming addicts. One, Matus Mikus, said "games by their very nature are addictive."

“肖恩”并非个例。英国成瘾治疗机构告诉BBC，因游戏成瘾而寻求治疗的人数已从2014年的4人增加到2018年的22人。同样在2018年，世界卫生组织将游戏成瘾正式列为一种障碍。在英国，数字、文化、媒体与体育事务特别委员会就科技成瘾问题展开调查，多名自称游戏成瘾者出席作证，其中一位名叫马图什·米库什的人表示：“游戏从本质上就具有成瘾性。”

表示“将…分类，将…归类；把…分级”，英文解释为“to divide things into groups according to their type”举个🌰：The books in the library are classified by/according to subject. 图书馆的书是按照学科分类的。

disorder /dɪˈsɔː.dər/ 1）表示“混乱，凌乱，杂乱无章”，英文解释为“a state of untidiness or lack of organization”举个🌰：The whole office was in a state of disorder. 整个办公室里凌乱不堪。

2）表示“失调，紊乱”，英文解释为“an illness of the mind or body”如：a blood disorder 血液失调。

同inquiry，1）表示“询问，打听”，英文解释为“(the process of asking) a question”举个🌰：I've been making inquiries about/into the cost of a round-the-world ticket. 我一直在打听环球游的票价。

2）表示“调查，查究”，英文解释为“an official process to discover the facts about something bad that has happened”如：a judicial inquiry 司法调查。

testimony /ˈtes.tɪ.mən.i/ 表示“证词；证言；口供”，英文解释为“a formal written or spoken statement saying what you know to be true, usually in court”，如：a sworn testimony 宣誓证词。

📍be (a) testimony to sth 表示“清楚地证明”，英文解释为“to be clear proof of something”举个🌰：The reports are testimony to the many hours of research completed by this committee. 这些报告充分表明该委员会花了很多时间进行研究。

self-professed /ˌself.prəˈfest/ 表示“自称的；自己承认的”，英文解释为“said, announced, or admitted about yourself”如：a self-professed gambler 承认自己是赌徒的人。

However, the association for UK Interactive Entertainment informed the committee that there was a 'lack of evidence' around the addiction. They stated that gaming could be a 'force for good, encouraging, among other things, critical thinking skills'. Indeed, in a 2018 BBC article, registrar in anaesthetic and intensive care at Sheffield Teaching Hospital, Rajin Chowdhury seems to agree. Gaming, he says, made him more dextrous, improved hand-eye coordination and aided procedures that were performed remotely through looking at a screen, especially where the surgery controls were not intuitive.

然而，英国互动娱乐协会向该委员会表示，目前关于游戏成瘾仍“缺乏充分证据”。他们指出，游戏也可能成为一种“积极力量”，例如在一定程度上促进批判性思维能力。2018年BBC的一篇报道中，谢菲尔德教学医院麻醉与重症监护科的注册医师拉金·乔杜里似乎也持相近看法。他表示，玩游戏让他的操作更加灵活，提高了手眼协调能力，并有助于通过屏幕完成远程操作，尤其是在手术控制并不直观的情况下。

registrar /ˌredʒ.ɪˈstrɑːr/ 1）表示“（尤指出生、死亡和婚姻登记的）登记员，户籍管理员”，英文解释为“an official whose job is to keep official records, especially of births, deaths, and marriages”

2）表示“（某些大学的）注册主任，教务主任，教务长”，英文解释为“at some colleges, an official in charge of exams, keeping records, and new students”

3）英式，表示“专科住院医生”，英文解释为“a type of hospital doctor”举个🌰：A hospital registrar is of a lower rank than a consultant. 医院的专科住院医生比会诊医生级别低。

美式 anesthetic /ˌæn.əsˈθet.ɪk/ 英式 anaesthetic /ˌæn.əsˈθet.ɪk/ 表示“麻醉剂”，英文解释为“a substance that makes you unable to feel pain”举个🌰：The operation is performed under anaesthetic. 手术是在麻醉状态下进行的。

intensive care /ɪnˌten.sɪv ˈkeər/ 表示“（医院里的）重症监护，特别护理”，英文解释为“(in a hospital) continuous treatment for patients who are seriously ill, very badly injured, or who have just had an operation”举个🌰：She needed intensive care for three weeks. 她需要3周的特别护理。

dexterous /ˈdek.strəs/ 表示“灵巧的，熟练的，敏捷的”，英文解释为“having the ability to perform a difficult action quickly and skilfully with the hands”如：a dexterous movement 敏捷的动作。

intuitive /ɪnˈtʃuː.ɪ.tɪv/ 表示“直觉的；凭直觉的”，英文解释为“based on feelings rather than facts or proof”如：an intuitive approach/judgment 凭直觉的方法/判断

近义词对比：

📍instinctive表示“本能的；天性的；直觉的”（based on instinct and not involving thought）

Are video games addictive? It's unclear. Like anything, moderation is key. The games themselves may not be the problem, but letting them negatively impact our lives certainly is. With that in mind, play well, have fun and don't forget to take regular breaks.

电子游戏是否具有成瘾性，目前仍不明确。和任何事情一样，关键在于适度。问题或许并不在游戏本身，而在于是否任由它们对我们的生活造成负面影响。在此我们倡导：快乐游戏，健康生活，切莫忘记适时休息。

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