哈梅内伊次子成为伊朗新任最高领袖

根据2026年3月9日的官方消息，伊朗专家会议已确定‌穆杰塔巴·哈梅内伊‌为该国新任最高领袖。‌‌他是‌已故伊朗最高领袖阿里·哈梅内伊的次子‌，出生于1969年。‌

今天你练听力了吗？

🤔️小作业：

1. Why does the expert Vali R. Nasr describe Mojtaba Khamenei’s selection as both “surprising” and “telling”?

A. Because he lacks the formal religious credentials required for leadership.

B. Because his appointment reveals internal disagreements within the clerical establishment.

C. Because the choice simultaneously reflects continuity and an attempt to secure rapid control.

D. Because the decision was widely opposed by Iran's military leadership.

无注释原文：

Iran's New Leader, Ayatollah Khamenei's Son, Is a Mysterious Figure

From: The New York Times

Iran named Mojtaba Khamenei, a son of the recently killed supreme leader, as his father's successor, according to a statement from top clerics published on state media early Monday local time, signaling the continuity of hard-line theocratic rule as Israeli and U.S. airstrikes pound the country.

Mr. Khamenei himself, though, is something of a mystery even within Iran.

He is a son of the recently killed supreme leader, Ayatollah Ali Khamenei, and has been an influential figure in the shadows of power, coordinating military and intelligence operations at his father's office. He is known to have very close ties to the powerful Islamic Revolutionary Guards Corps and was considered their favored candidate.

Unlike his father, Mr. Khamenei, 56, carries the full religious credentials as an ayatollah at the moment of his ascension. He was known for teaching popular Shiite seminary classes.

But his personality or politics outside of his father's tight inner circle are not known. He seldom speaks or appears in public. And now he will take the helm not just as Iran's new religious and political authority, but also as the commander in chief of its armed forces.

Vali R. Nasr, an expert on Iran and Shiite Islam at Johns Hopkins University, said that Mr. Khamenei would be a surprising choice, but a telling one.

“The choice of Mojtaba is choice of continuity with his father, and also he is more ready than other candidates to quickly consolidate power and assert control over the system,” said Mr. Nasr. He added that Mr. Khamenei had been considered a successor for a long time; but for the past two years, he had seemed to have dropped off the radar.

The late Ayatollah Khamenei had indicated to close advisers that he did not want his son to succeed him because he did not want the role to become hereditary, according to three senior Iranian officials familiar with Mr. Khamenei and the selection process. They spoke on condition of anonymity to discuss sensitive internal issues.

- ◆ -

注：完整题目见本文开头；中文文本为纽约时报官方译文，仅供参考

含注释全文：

Iran's New Leader, Ayatollah Khamenei's Son, Is a Mysterious Figure

From: The New York Times

Iran named Mojtaba Khamenei, a son of the recently killed supreme leader, as his father's successor, according to a statement from top clerics published on state media early Monday local time, signaling the continuity of hard-line theocratic rule as Israeli and U.S. airstrikes pound the country.

当地时间周一凌晨，伊朗通过官方媒体发布高级教士声明，宣布任命前不久被杀的最高领袖之子穆杰塔巴·哈梅内伊为其父继任者。美以空袭持续轰炸伊朗之际，此举标志着强硬派神权统治的延续。

successor /səkˈses.ər/ 表示“继任者，接替者；继承人；接替的事物”，英文解释为“someone or something that comes after another person or thing”举个🌰：The university is seeking a successor to its vice chancellor, who retires this spring. 大学在寻找一位继任者，接替将于今年春天退休的校长。

📍predecessor表示“前任，前辈；原有事物，前身”，英文解释为“someone who had a job or a position before someone else, or something that comes before another thing in time or in a series”

cleric /ˈkler.ɪk/ 表示“教士，牧师；神职人员；僧侣”，英文解释为“a religious leader”如：a Buddhist/Catholic/Muslim cleric 佛教僧侣/天主教/穆斯林神职人员。

theocratic /ˌθiː.əˈkræt.ɪk/ 表示“神权政治的”，英文解释为“relating to theocracy (= government by religious leaders), or to a particular theocracy”

pound /paʊnd/ 表示“连续重击；捣碎；猛烈袭击”，英文解释为“to hit or beat repeatedly with a lot of force, or to crush something by hitting it repeatedly”举个🌰：I could feel my heart pounding as I went on stage to collect the prize. 上台领奖时我感到心怦怦直跳。

Mr. Khamenei himself, though, is something of a mystery even within Iran.

但穆杰塔巴·哈梅内伊本人即使在伊朗国内也颇具神秘色彩。

He is a son of the recently killed supreme leader, Ayatollah Ali Khamenei, and has been an influential figure in the shadows of power, coordinating military and intelligence operations at his father's office. He is known to have very close ties to the powerful Islamic Revolutionary Guards Corps and was considered their favored candidate.

他是不久前遇袭身亡的最高领袖阿亚图拉阿里·哈梅内伊之子，长期作为权力幕后的重要人物，在父亲办公室协调军事与情报行动。他与权势强大的伊斯兰革命卫队关系极为密切，被视为卫队属意的候选人。

coordinate /kəʊˈɔː.dɪ.neɪt/ 表示“协调；使相配合”，英文解释为“to make many different things work effectively as a whole”举个🌰：We need someone to coordinate the whole campaign. 我们需要有个人来协调整个活动。

Unlike his father, Mr. Khamenei, 56, carries the full religious credentials as an ayatollah at the moment of his ascension. He was known for teaching popular Shiite seminary classes.

与父亲不同，现年56岁的哈梅内伊在接任时已拥有完整的阿亚图拉宗教资质，曾以在什叶派神学院开设广受欢迎的课程而闻名。

credential /krɪˈden.ʃəl/ 一般用复数credentials，表示“（表明某人有资格做某事的）资历；（身份或资格的）证明文件；资格证书；证明书；证件”，英文解释为“Someone's credentials are their previous achievements, training, and general background, which indicate that they are qualified to do something. Someone's credentials are a letter or certificate that proves their identity or qualifications.”如：her credentials as a specialist 她作为一名研究专家的资历。举个🌰：All the candidates had excellent academic credentials. 所有候选人都具有优秀的学历。

credentialed /krɪˈden.ʃəld/ 表示“经认证的”，英文解释为“having the abilities or experience that make a person suitable for a particular job or activity, or having official proof of your abilities or experience”

ayatollah /ˌaɪ.əˈtɒl.ə/ 表示“阿亚图拉（伊朗伊斯兰什叶派领袖的称号）”，英文解释为“an important religious leader of Shiite Muslims in Iran”

ascension /əˈsen.ʃən/  1）表示“上升；升高；登上”，英文解释为“the act of moving up or of reaching a high position”

2）表示“升职；提升”，英文解释为“the process of rising to a position of higher importance, rank, or success”如：her ascension to the throne 她的登基，举个🌰：His daughter's ascension to the speakership, a first for a woman, is a matter of great pride for him. 他的女儿被提升成议长，女性中第一位，对他来说是非常值得骄傲的事。

seminary /ˈsem.ɪ.nər.i/ 表示“神学院”，英文解释为“a college for training people to become priests or ministers”

But his personality or politics outside of his father's tight inner circle are not known. He seldom speaks or appears in public. And now he will take the helm not just as Iran's new religious and political authority, but also as the commander in chief of its armed forces.

但在父亲严密的核心小圈子之外，他的个人性格与政治立场鲜为人知。他极少公开发言或露面。如今，他不仅即将掌管伊朗新的宗教与政治最高权力，还将担任武装部队总司令。

helm /hɛlm/ 原意表示“舵柄；舵轮”，英文解释为“the handle or wheel which controls the direction in which a ship or boat travels”

📍at the helm 表示“领导位置；掌管，负责”，英文解释为“You can say that someone is at the helm when they are leading or running a country or organization.”举个🌰：After more than a decade at the helm of the university, he today announced his retirement. 在掌管大学10多年后，他于今天宣布退休。

📍 take the helm短语可以表示“开始负责，开始掌管；担任领导”（to start to officially control an organization or company）

Vali R. Nasr, an expert on Iran and Shiite Islam at Johns Hopkins University, said that Mr. Khamenei would be a surprising choice, but a telling one.

约翰斯·霍普金斯大学伊朗与什叶派问题专家瓦利·纳赛尔表示，穆杰塔巴的继任出人意料，却很能说明问题。

“The choice of Mojtaba is choice of continuity with his father, and also he is more ready than other candidates to quickly consolidate power and assert control over the system,” said Mr. Nasr. He added that Mr. Khamenei had been considered a successor for a long time; but for the past two years, he had seemed to have dropped off the radar.

“选择穆杰塔巴是选择延续他父亲的路线，而且相比其他候选人，他更有能力迅速巩固权力、掌控整个体系，”纳赛尔说。他还说，穆杰塔巴很早便被视为接班人，但过去两年似乎淡出了公众视野。

consolidate /kənˈsɒl.ɪ.deɪt/ 1）表示“（使）巩固；（使）加强”，英文解释为“to become, or cause something to become, stronger, and more certain”举个🌰：The success of their major product consolidated the firm's position in the market. 公司主打产品取得的成功巩固了该公司在市场上的地位。

2）表示“（尤指企业）合并，联合”，英文解释为“to combine several things, especially businesses, so that they become more effective, or to be combined in this way”举个🌰：The two firms consolidated to form a single company. 两家小公司合并成了一家公司。

1）表示“（坚决）主张；断言”，英文解释为“to state firmly that something is true”举个🌰：French cooking, she asserted, is the best in the world. 她坚称法国菜是世界上最好的。

2）表示“维护自己的权利（或权威）”，英文解释为“to make other people recognize your right or authority to do sth, by behaving firmly and confidently”如：to assert your independence/rights 维护你的独立/权利。

📍《经济学人》（The Economist）一篇讲述疫情带来的影响的文章中提到：That will make it harder for strong firms to assert their advantage. 这将使大公司更难发挥优势。

The late Ayatollah Khamenei had indicated to close advisers that he did not want his son to succeed him because he did not want the role to become hereditary, according to three senior Iranian officials familiar with Mr. Khamenei and the selection process. They spoke on condition of anonymity to discuss sensitive internal issues.

据三位熟悉穆杰塔巴及继任流程的伊朗高级官员透露，已故阿亚图拉哈梅内伊曾向亲信顾问表示，不希望儿子接班，以免最高领袖一职变成世袭。这些官员因讨论敏感内部事务要求匿名。

hereditary /hɪˈred.ɪ.tər.i/ 表示“（特点或疾病）遗传的；（称号或爵位）世袭的”，英文解释为“(of characteristics or diseases) passed from the genes of a parent to a child, or (of titles and positions in society) passed from parent to a child as a right”如：a hereditary disease 遗传性疾病。

anonymity /ˌæn.ɒnˈɪm.ə.ti/ 表示“匿名；无名；不公开姓名”，英文解释为“the situation in which someone's name is not given or known”举个🌰：The police have reassured witnesses that they will be guaranteed anonymity. 警方让目击证人放心，保证不公开他们的姓名。

- 词汇盘点 -

- 词汇助记 By AI -

LearnAndRecord

2015年2月8日

2026年3月9日

第4048天

每天持续行动学外语