又是一年“315”

今天你练听力了吗？

🤔️小作业：

1. Why does the author include examples of companies such as Starbucks, Apple, Volkswagen, and Nike?

A. To demonstrate that international brands are systematically targeted by the programme

B. To illustrate the types of issues that have been exposed through the event

C. To prove that foreign companies dominate the Chinese consumer market

D. To show that multinational firms have weaker consumer protection policies

无注释原文：

What is China's Consumer Rights Day?

From: Reuters

The annual World Consumer Rights Day, on March 15, has become a major television and social media event in China, with domestic as well as foreign brands singled out for high-profile and sometimes damaging critcism.

World Consumer Rights Day began in 1983, and China began observing it three years later, shortly after the establishment of the China Consumers Association.

In recent years, the run-up to March 15 is marked by various consumer education campaigns, with both government-backed groups and brands dispensing consumer rights information.

The highlight is a two-hour prime-time show broadcast by state-run China Central Television (CCTV). Known as the "315 Show", the programme names and shames brands for issues ranging from poor-quality products, robocalls and illegal collection of personal information to aggressive sales of beauty salon memberships.

Big brands, fearful of being featured, are known to prepare responses ahead of time, just in case.

In previous years, big-ticket foreign businesses that have come in for criticism have included Starbucks for charging higher prices in China than they did in the United States, while Apple was bashed for a then one-year service warranty in China, shorter than in other markets.

Others scolded in the past include Volkswagen, for engine defects on an SUV; Nike for misleading advertising; and Japan's Muji, which came under fire for selling food products allegedly sourced from part of Japan affected by radiation.

Most of the criticism has been of Chinese brands.

In 2016, the programme criticised what it said was the widespread practice of sellers on Alibaba Group's Taobao online marketplace to pump up sales figures to boost their credibility on the platform.

Food-delivery company Ele.me, now owned by Alibaba, was once singled-out for working with restaurants that operate without licenses or proper kitchens.

The brand reputations of named companies, and their share prices, can suffer.

Qutoutiao an app that delivers customised feeds of articles and short videos to users based on algorithms, was criticised last year for its advertising practices. New York-listed shares in the company, backed by Tencent plunged 23% in the trading session following the show.

Named companies typically issue prompt responses, usually via their official acccounts on social media platforms Weibo and WeChat, expressing gratitude for the oversight and criticism, and willingness to correct their behavior.

- ◆ -

注：完整题目见本文开头；中文文本为机器翻译，仅供参考

含注释全文：

What is China's Consumer Rights Day?

From: Reuters

The annual World Consumer Rights Day, on March 15, has become a major television and social media event in China, with domestic as well as foreign brands singled out for high-profile and sometimes damaging critcism.

每年3月15日的世界消费者权益日，已成为中国电视与社交媒体上的一项重要舆论事件，国内外品牌常被公开点名批评，而这种高强度曝光有时会对企业形象造成不小的冲击。

single sb/sth out 表示“（为给予批评、表扬等）单独挑出”，英文解释为“to choose one person or thing from a group for special attention, especially criticism or praise”举个🌰：It's not fair the way my sister is always singled out for special treatment. 我妹妹总是受到特殊照顾，这不公平。

profile /ˈprəʊ.faɪl/ 一词经常出现，1）表示“（有关某人的）简介，概况”，英文解释为“A profile of someone is a short article or programme in which their life and character are described.”举个🌰：A newspaper published comparative profiles of the candidates' wives. 一份报纸刊登了候选人妻子们的对比简介。

2）表示“关注度”，英文解释为“If someone has a high profile, people notice them and what they do. If you keep a low profile, you avoid doing things that will make people notice you.”

常用：a high profile 惹人注目/关注；高姿态，a low profile 不惹人注目，低姿态；如：a move that would give Egypt a much higher profile in the upcoming peace talks 会给埃及在即将到来的和平谈判中高关注度的一个行动。

📍如果你把微信语言设置成英文，你就会发现微信官方把头像处理成：Profile Photo，上面的“My Profile”对应的中文则是“个人信息”。

作动词，1）表示“扼要介绍；概述；写简介”，英文解释为“to give or write a description of sb/sth that gives the most important information”举个🌰：His career is profiled in this month's journal.这期月刊概述了他的工作生涯。

2）表示“给……画侧画像；显出……侧面轮廓”，英文解释为“represent in outline from one side”

World Consumer Rights Day began in 1983, and China began observing it three years later, shortly after the establishment of the China Consumers Association.

世界消费者权益日始于1983年，中国在三年后开始参与这一纪念活动，当时中国消费者协会刚刚成立不久。

1）表示“遵守，奉行（法律、规则或习俗）”，英文解释为“If you observe something such as a law or custom, you obey it or follow it.”举个🌰：Imposing speed restrictions is easy, but forcing drivers to observe them is trickier. 实行速度限制容易，而迫使司机遵守较难。The crowd observed a minute's silence (= were silent for one minute) in memory of those who had died. 众人为死者默哀一分钟。

2）熟词僻义，表示“纪念，庆祝”，英文解释为“If you observe an important day such as a holiday or anniversary, you do something special in order to honour or celebrate it.”如：where he will observe Thanksgiving with family members. 在那里他将与家人一起庆祝感恩节。

3）另一个常见含义表示“观察；注意到，觉察到；看到”（to notice or see）。

In recent years, the run-up to March 15 is marked by various consumer education campaigns, with both government-backed groups and brands dispensing consumer rights information.

近年来，每逢“3·15”临近，各类消费者教育宣传活动便陆续展开，既有政府支持的机构，也有企业品牌向公众普及消费者权益相关信息。

1）表示“助跑；助跑距离”，英文解释为“in some sports, a period or distance of running that you do in order to be going fast enough to perform a particular action”举个🌰：The longer and faster your run-up is, the higher you can jump. 你助跑的距离越长、速度越快，跳得就越高。

2）表示“（重大事情的）前奏，前期，准备阶段”，英文解释为“the final period of time before an important event”举个🌰：Everyone is very busy during the run-up to publication. 书出版前的最后准备阶段，每个人都在紧张地忙碌着。

dispense /dɪˈspens/ 表示“分发；提供，供应”，英文解释为“to give out things, especially products, services, or amounts of money”举个🌰：There is a vending machine on the platform that dispenses snacks. 站台上有一个出售零食的自动售货机。

The highlight is a two-hour prime-time show broadcast by state-run China Central Television (CCTV). Known as the "315 Show", the programme names and shames brands for issues ranging from poor-quality products, robocalls and illegal collection of personal information to aggressive sales of beauty salon memberships.

其中最受关注的是中国中央电视台播出的两小时黄金时段节目——“3·15晚会”。节目会公开点名曝光企业问题，涉及范围从产品质量低劣、骚扰电话、非法收集个人信息，到强制性推销美容院会员卡等。

prime time /ˈpraɪm ˌtaɪm/ 表示“（广播与电视的）黄金时间”，英文解释为“in television and radio broadcasting, the time when the largest number of people are watching or listening”如：prime-time TV 电视黄金档，举个🌰：The interview will be broadcast during prime time. 这次采访将在黄金时间播出。

robocall /ˈrəʊ.bəʊ.kɔːl/ 表示“机器人电话，自动语音电话，电脑自动拨出电话”，英文解释为“a telephone call made automatically by a computer, giving a recorded message, or the system of using such calls”举个🌰：Most people hang up in the first minute when they get a robocall. 大多数人在接到自动语音电话的第一分钟就会挂断。

aggressive /əˈɡres.ɪv/ 1）表示“好斗的；挑衅的；侵略的”，英文解释为“angry, and behaving in a threatening way; ready to attack”

2）表示“气势汹汹的；声势浩大的；志在必得的；积极进取的；有冲劲的；雄心勃勃的”，英文解释为“acting with force and determination in order to succeed”如：an aggressive advertising campaign 一场声势浩大的广告宣传活动。

3）表示“（疾病）恶性的”，英文解释为“An aggressive condition is one that is serious and quickly spreads in the body or gets worse.”举个🌰：The more aggressive the cancer, the further and faster it spreads. 癌症越呈恶性，其发展就越广越快。

Big brands, fearful of being featured, are known to prepare responses ahead of time, just in case.

由于担心被节目点名曝光，一些大型品牌往往会提前准备好回应方案，以防万一。

In previous years, big-ticket foreign businesses that have come in for criticism have included Starbucks for charging higher prices in China than they did in the United States, while Apple was bashed for a then one-year service warranty in China, shorter than in other markets.

在往年节目中，一些大型跨国企业也曾遭到点名批评。例如，星巴克被指在中国的售价高于美国，而苹果则因当时在中国仅提供一年保修、短于其他市场而受到抨击。

big-ticket两个常见用法：1）形容物品，指购买价格高的商品。A car is a big-ticket item for most families. 对大多数家庭来说，汽车是昂贵的大件商品。 2）形容项目/交易/企业，指涉及金额巨大、规模庞大或极具影响力的项目或实体。The company secured a big-ticket contract with the government. 这家公司赢得了一份与政府的巨额合同。

warranty /ˈwɒr.ən.ti/ 表示“（商品的）保修单，保修卡”，英文解释为“a written promise from a company to repair or replace a product that develops a fault within a particular period of time, or to do a piece of work again if it is not satisfactory”举个🌰：The warranty covers the car mechanically for a year, with unlimited mileage. 保修单承诺对汽车的机械部件保修一年，不限里程。

Others scolded in the past include Volkswagen, for engine defects on an SUV; Nike for misleading advertising; and Japan's Muji, which came under fire for selling food products allegedly sourced from part of Japan affected by radiation.

此前被点名的企业还包括大众汽车，其一款SUV被指存在发动机缺陷；耐克因涉嫌发布误导性广告受到批评；日本品牌无印良品也曾因销售据称来自日本辐射影响地区的食品而受到质疑。

scold /skəʊld/ 表示“责骂，责备”，英文解释为“to speak to someone angrily because you disapprove of their behaviour”举个🌰：His mother scolded him for breaking her favourite vase. 母亲因为他打碎了她最心爱的花瓶而责骂他。

radiation /ˌreɪ.diˈeɪ.ʃən/ 表示“（核）辐射”，英文解释为“a form of energy that comes from a nuclear reaction and that can be very dangerous to health”举个🌰：Many servicemen suffered radiation sickness after the early atomic tests. 很多军人在早期的原子弹试爆后患上了辐射病。

Most of the criticism has been of Chinese brands.

不过，大多数被批评的对象仍然是中国本土品牌。

In 2016, the programme criticised what it said was the widespread practice of sellers on Alibaba Group's Taobao online marketplace to pump up sales figures to boost their credibility on the platform.

2016年，该节目曾批评阿里巴巴集团淘宝平台上一些商家普遍存在刷高销量数据的做法，以此提升自己在平台上的信誉度。

pump /pʌmp/ sth up 1）表示“给…充满气，给…打气”，英文解释为“to fill something with air using a pump”举个🌰：Have you pumped up the balloons yet? 你给气球充气了吗？

2）表示“大量增加”，英文解释为“to increase something by a large amount”举个🌰：The US was able to pump up exports. 美国有能力大量增加出口。

Food-delivery company Ele.me, now owned by Alibaba, was once singled-out for working with restaurants that operate without licenses or proper kitchens.

外卖平台饿了么（现归阿里巴巴所有）也曾被节目点名，原因是其平台上存在与无证经营或缺乏正规厨房条件的餐馆合作的情况。

license /ˈlaɪ.səns/ 作名词，表示“许可证，执照，牌照”，英文解释为“an official document that gives you permission to own, do, or use something, usually after you have paid money and/or taken a test”如：a dog licence 养狗牌照。

作动词，表示“许可，授权，特许”，英文解释为“to give someone official permission to do or have something”举个🌰：Several companies have been licensed to sell these products. 一些公司获得了这些产品的销售许可。

The brand reputations of named companies, and their share prices, can suffer.

一旦被节目点名曝光，相关公司的品牌声誉乃至股价都可能受到影响。

Qutoutiao an app that delivers customised feeds of articles and short videos to users based on algorithms, was criticised last year for its advertising practices. New York-listed shares in the company, backed by Tencent plunged 23% in the trading session following the show.

趣头条是一款通过算法为用户推送定制文章和短视频内容的应用。去年，该平台因广告行为受到节目批评；节目播出后，这家获得腾讯支持并在纽约上市的公司的股价在随后的交易时段大跌23%。

list作动词，表示“使（公司）上市；（公司）上市”（If a company is listed, or if it lists, on a stock exchange, it obtains an official quotation for its shares so that people can buy and sell them.）举个🌰：Last month, thirty new companies were listed. 上个月有30家公司上市。

📍relist 重新上市。

📍listing作名词，除了表示“（表册上的）位置，项目”，也有“上市”的含义，英文解释为“a position or an item on a list”举个🌰：The company is seeking a stock exchange listing (= for trading shares). 这家公司正在争取上市。

Named companies typically issue prompt responses, usually via their official acccounts on social media platforms Weibo and WeChat, expressing gratitude for the oversight and criticism, and willingness to correct their behavior.

被点名的企业通常会迅速作出回应，多通过微博、微信等官方账号发布声明，对监督和批评表示感谢，并承诺进行整改。

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