特朗普拿珍珠港事件开玩笑

近日，美国总统特朗普在与日本首相高市早苗的会晤中，拿偷袭珍珠港事件开玩笑，引发热议。

今天你练听力了吗？

🤔️小作业：

1. According to the article, the reaction of Prime Minister Sanae Takaichi to Mr. Trump's remark is best described as:

A. verbally agreeing with the sentiment.

B. openly expressing disapproval and rebuttal.

C. maintaining a composed and non-verbal response.

D. joining in the laughter with other attendees.

无注释原文：

Trump Jokes About Pearl Harbor in Meeting With Japan's Leader

From: The New York Times

For decades, American presidents have avoided speaking harshly about Japan's attack on Pearl Harbor in 1941, eager to focus instead on deepening ties with Tokyo, which has been a steadfast ally since World War II.

Not so with President Trump.

At an otherwise congenial meeting with Japan's prime minister, Sanae Takaichi, in the Oval Office on Thursday, Mr. Trump invoked the Japanese attack on Dec. 7, 1941, which led the United States into World War II. He was responding to a question about why Japan and other allies had received no advance notice of the U.S.-Israeli assault on Iran.

“We didn't tell anybody about it because we wanted surprise,” he said. “Who knows better about surprise than Japan, OK? Why didn't you tell me about Pearl Harbor, OK? Right?”

There was some laughter from the officials and journalists gathered in the room. “You believe in surprise, I think, much more so than us,” he added.

As Mr. Trump spoke, Ms. Takaichi widened her eyes and appeared to take a deep breath. She kept her arms crossed in her lap and did not speak.

The remark was the latest example of Mr. Trump's penchant for tossing aside diplomatic norms.

After the end of World War II, President Harry S. Truman used the attack on Pearl Harbor to justify American efforts to remake Japanese society and to impose a pacifist Constitution. (The United States led the Allies' occupation of Japan from 1945 until 1952.) The Constitution forced Japan to renounce war and put limits on its military, making Tokyo reliant on the United States for protection.

But during the Cold War, the United States shifted its official portrayal of the attack, describing it as a historical tragedy rather than pointing fingers at Japan. American officials were eager to keep Tokyo as an ally as communism spread in Asia, and to form security and economic pacts.

In 2016, 75 years after Imperial Japanese warplanes destroyed the Pacific fleet in Pearl Harbor, President Barack Obama visited the site of the attack with Shinzo Abe, then Japan's prime minister, who offered condolences “to the souls of those who lost their lives here.” Mr. Obama and Mr. Abe laid wreaths made of white peace lilies at the memorial.

- ◆ -

注：完整题目见本文开头；中文文本为纽约时报官方译文，仅供参考

含注释全文：

Trump Jokes About Pearl Harbor in Meeting With Japan's Leader

From: The New York Times

For decades, American presidents have avoided speaking harshly about Japan's attack on Pearl Harbor in 1941, eager to focus instead on deepening ties with Tokyo, which has been a steadfast ally since World War II.

数十年来，美国历任总统都避免对日本1941年袭击珍珠港一事发表严厉言论，而是热衷深化与东京的关系——二战后，日本始终是美国坚定的盟友。

harshly /ˈhɑːʃ.li/ 1）表示“令人不快的；严酷的；（无端地）严厉的”，英文解释为“unpleasant, unkind, cruel, or more severe than is necessary”如：harsh criticism 严厉的批评。

2）表示“刺眼的；刺耳的；过于强烈的”，英文解释为“too strong, bright, loud, etc.”如：harsh lighting 刺眼的光线。

steadfast /ˈsted.fɑːst/ 表示“长期不变的；坚定的，不动摇的”，英文解释为“staying the same for a long time and not changing quickly or unexpectedly”如：a steadfast friend/ally 忠实的朋友/盟友。

ally /ˈæl.aɪ/ 表示“（尤指战时的）同盟国，盟友”，英文解释为“a country that has agreed officially to give help and support to another one, especially during a war”举个🌰：The US is one of Britain's staunchest allies. 美国是英国最忠实的盟友之一。

📍the Allies 特指“（第二次世界大战期间的）同盟国”，英文解释为“the countries, including the US, the UK, the USSR, and France, that fought against the Axis countries in the Second World War”

Not so with President Trump.

特朗普总统却并非如此。

At an otherwise congenial meeting with Japan's prime minister, Sanae Takaichi, in the Oval Office on Thursday, Mr. Trump invoked the Japanese attack on Dec. 7, 1941, which led the United States into World War II. He was responding to a question about why Japan and other allies had received no advance notice of the U.S.-Israeli assault on Iran.

周四，特朗普在椭圆形办公室与日本首相高市早苗会面，原本气氛融洽，期间特朗普提起了1941年12月7日日本发动的袭击，正是这场袭击导致美国卷入第二次世界大战。当时他正在回应一个提问，涉及为何美以对伊朗发动袭击之前，没有向日本等盟友提前通报。

congenial /kənˈdʒiː.ni.əl/ 表示“友善的；令人愉快的；宜人的”，英文解释为“friendly and pleasant”如：congenial company / surroundings 友善的伙伴 / 令人愉快的环境。

invoke /ɪnˈvəʊk/ 1）表示“援引，借助（法律）；诉诸（法律、规定等）”，英文解释为“if you invoke a law, rule etc, you say that you are doing something because the law allows or forces you to”举个🌰：The judge invoked an international law that protects refugees. 法官援用了一项保护难民的国际法律。

2）表示“唤起，引起，使记起”，英文解释为“to make someone have a particular feeling or remember something”

assault /əˈsɒlt/ 可以作动词也可以作名词，表示“袭击，攻击，猛攻”，英文解释为“a violent attack”；作名词时以表示“侵犯人身（罪），殴击他人身体（罪）”，如：sexual/indecent assault 性侵/猥亵。举个🌰：He was charged with sexual assault. 他被指控性侵犯。

“We didn't tell anybody about it because we wanted surprise,” he said. “Who knows better about surprise than Japan, OK? Why didn't you tell me about Pearl Harbor, OK? Right?”

“我们没告诉任何人，就是要出其不意，”他说。“谁比日本更懂出其不意呢，对吧？珍珠港事件，你们怎么没提前告诉我？对吧？”

There was some laughter from the officials and journalists gathered in the room. “You believe in surprise, I think, much more so than us,” he added.

在场的官员与记者中传来几声笑。他接着说：“我看，你们比我们更相信出其不意。”

As Mr. Trump spoke, Ms. Takaichi widened her eyes and appeared to take a deep breath. She kept her arms crossed in her lap and did not speak.

特朗普说话时，高市早苗瞪大了双眼，似乎深吸了一口气。她双臂交叉放在腿上，全程一言不发。

lap /læp/ 1）表示“（跑道等的）一圈 ”，英文解释为“one journey from the beginning to the end of a track used for running, etc.”举个🌰：She has completed six laps. 她跑完六圈了。

2）表示“（坐着时的）大腿部”，英文解释为“the top surface of the upper part of the legs of a person who is sitting down”举个🌰：Come and sit on my lap and I'll read you a story. 过来坐在我的腿上，我给你读故事听。

📍 victory lap 或者 lap of honour 表示“（赢得比赛胜利后的）绕场庆祝”，英文解释为“a run around a track or sports field that is made by a winner of a race or a team that has won a game”

作动词，表示“（波浪）轻轻地拍击，轻轻地敲打”，英文解释为“(of waves) to hit something gently, producing quiet sounds”举个🌰：The water lapped against the side of the pool. 水轻轻地拍打着水池的池壁。

The remark was the latest example of Mr. Trump's penchant for tossing aside diplomatic norms.

这番言论再次体现了特朗普一贯无视外交惯例的行事风格。

penchant /ˈpen.tʃənt/ 表示“偏好，倾向，嗜好”，英文解释为“If someone has a penchant for something, they have a special liking for it or a tendency to do it.”如：a stylish woman with a penchant for dark glasses. 一位对墨镜有特别喜好的时髦女子。

表示“丢弃，抛弃”，英文解释为“to throw away or get rid of something”

diplomatic /ˌdɪp.ləˈmæt.ɪk/ 表示“外交的”，英文解释为“involving diplomats or the management of the relationships between countries”如：diplomatic negotiations 外交谈判。也可以表示“讲究方法的，委婉的”，英文解释为“acting in a way that does not cause offence”举个🌰：Ask him nicely - be diplomatic. 好好向他提出请求——要委婉一些。

norm /nɔːm/ 通常复数，表示“规范；行为标准”，英文解释为“standards of behaviour that are typical of or accepted within a particular group or society”，如：social/cultural norms 社会/文化规范。

📍the norm 表示“常态，正常行为”，英文解释为“a situation or type of behaviour that is expected and considered to be typical”举个🌰：One child per family is fast becoming the norm in some countries. 每个家庭一个孩子在一些国家正迅速普遍起来。

After the end of World War II, President Harry S. Truman used the attack on Pearl Harbor to justify American efforts to remake Japanese society and to impose a pacifist Constitution. (The United States led the Allies' occupation of Japan from 1945 until 1952.) The Constitution forced Japan to renounce war and put limits on its military, making Tokyo reliant on the United States for protection.

二战结束后，杜鲁门总统以珍珠港遇袭为由，推动美国重塑日本社会，并向日本施加了一部和平宪法。（1945年至1952年，美国领导了盟军对日本的军事占领。）这部宪法迫使日本放弃战争，限制其军事力量发展，让东京在防务上不得不依赖美国。

justify /ˈdʒʌs.tɪ.faɪ/ 表示“为…辩护；证明…正当（或有理、正确）；是…的正当理由”，英文解释为“to give or to be a good reason for”举个🌰：I can't really justify taking another day off work. 我真的找不出理由再多休一天假了。

📍词根“just-”表示“公正”，“-ify”表示“使成为”。近义词：defend（辩护），同根词：justice（正义），常用短语：justify oneself（为自己辩护）

impose /ɪmˈpəʊz/ 1）表示“推行；强制实行”，英文解释为“to officially force a rule, tax, punishment, etc. to be obeyed or received”举个🌰：Very high taxes have recently been imposed on cigarettes. 最近对香烟开征很高的税。

📍《经济学人》（The Economist）一篇分析Biden贸易政策的文章中提到：The other matter is what Mr Biden will do with the tariffs imposed by Mr Trump. 另一件事是Biden将如何处理Trump实施的关税。

2）表示“把（尤指信仰或生活方式）强加于”，英文解释为“to force someone to accept something, especially a belief or way of living”举个🌰：I don't want them to impose their religious beliefs on my children. 我不希望他们把自己的宗教信仰强加给我的孩子们。

3）表示“勉强；打扰，麻烦”，英文解释为“to expect someone to do something for you or spend time with you when they do not want to or when it is not convenient for them”举个🌰：She's always imposing on people - asking favours and getting everyone to do things for her. 她总是强人所难——要人帮忙做这做那。

pacifist /ˈpæs.ɪ.fɪst/ 表示“反战主义者，和平主义者；绥靖主义者”，英文解释为“someone who believes in pacifism”举个🌰：The pacifist movement is gaining increasing support among young people. 和平主义运动正获得越来越多年轻人的支持。

renounce /rɪˈnaʊns/ 表示“声明放弃；宣布放弃；弃绝”，英文解释为“to say formally or publicly that you no longer own, support, believe in, or have a connection with something”举个🌰：Her ex-husband renounced his claim to the family house. 她的前夫宣布放弃对家里房子的所有权要求。

But during the Cold War, the United States shifted its official portrayal of the attack, describing it as a historical tragedy rather than pointing fingers at Japan. American officials were eager to keep Tokyo as an ally as communism spread in Asia, and to form security and economic pacts.

但冷战期间，美国调整了对此次袭击的官方表述，将其描述为一场历史悲剧，而非指责日本。随着共产主义在亚洲蔓延，美国官员迫切希望将日本留在盟友阵营，与日本缔结安全与经济协定。

portrayal /pɔːˈtreɪ.əl/ 表示“描绘，描述，描写；展现，展示”，英文解释为“the way that someone or something is described or represented in a painting, film, book, or other artistic work”举个🌰：His latest movie is a grim portrayal of wartime suffering. 他的最新电影无情地描述了战时苦难。

point the finger at sb表示“指责”，英文解释为“to accuse someone of being responsible for something bad that has happened”举个🌰：Unhappy tourists have pointed the finger at unhelpful travel agents. 不满的游客纷纷指责旅游代办人办事不力。

pact /pækt/ 表示“契约；条约；协定”，英文解释为“a formal agreement between two people or groups of people”举个🌰：The United States and Canada have signed a free-trade pact. 美国和加拿大签署了自由贸易协定。

In 2016, 75 years after Imperial Japanese warplanes destroyed the Pacific fleet in Pearl Harbor, President Barack Obama visited the site of the attack with Shinzo Abe, then Japan's prime minister, who offered condolences “to the souls of those who lost their lives here.” Mr. Obama and Mr. Abe laid wreaths made of white peace lilies at the memorial.

2016年，也就是日本帝国战机在珍珠港摧毁美国太平洋舰队75周年之际，时任美国总统奥巴马与时任日本首相安倍晋三一同造访了袭击遗址。安倍晋三向“在此遇难的英灵” 致以哀悼，二人还在纪念碑前献上了白色和平百合花环。

imperial /ɪmˈpɪə.ri.əl/ 表示“帝国的；皇帝的”，英文解释为“belonging or relating to an empire or the person or country that rules it”如：Britain's imperial past 英国的帝国史。

condolence /kənˈdəʊ.ləns/ 1）复数形式，表示“哀悼”，英文解释为“When you offer or express your condolences to someone, you express your sympathy for them because one of their friends or relatives has died recently.”举个🌰：He expressed his condolences to the families of the people who died in the incident. 他向那次事故遇难者家属表达了哀悼。

2）不可数形式，表示“吊唁”，英文解释为“A message of condolence is a message in which you express your sympathy for someone because one of their friends or relatives has died recently.”举个🌰：She sent him a letter of condolence. 她给他发了一封吊唁信。

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