地球正处于最严重的能量失衡状态！
LearnAndRecord约 10 分钟近日，世界气象组织发布《2025年全球气候状况》。报告指出，随着温室气体浓度驱动的大气和海洋持续变暖以及冰层融化，地球气候失衡比观测史上任何时候都更加严重。
🤔️小作业：
1. The primary purpose of introducing the concept of "Earth's energy imbalance" in the WMO report is to
A. highlight a newly measurable indicator of long-term climate disruption.
B. explain the immediate cause of daily extreme weather events.
C. compare current greenhouse gas levels with those of prehistoric times.
D. emphasize the role of solar energy in the climate system.
无注释原文：
Earth's climate swings increasingly out of balance
From: WMO
WMO's flagship State of the Global Climate report was released on World Meteorological Day on 23 March, which has the theme Observing Today, Protecting Tomorrow.
For the first time, the report includes the Earth's energy imbalance as one of the key climate indicators.
The Earth's energy balance measures the rate at which energy enters and leaves the Earth system. Under a stable climate, incoming energy from the sun is about the same as the amount of outgoing energy.
However, increasing concentrations of heat-trapping greenhouse gases - carbon dioxide, methane and nitrous oxide - to their highest level in at least 800,000 years have upset this equilibrium.
The Earth's energy imbalance has increased since its observational record began in 1960, particularly in the past 20 years. It reached a new high in 2025.
“Scientific advances have improved our understanding of the Earth's energy imbalance and of the reality facing our planet and our climate right now,” said WMO Secretary-General Celeste Saulo. “Human activities are increasingly disrupting the natural equilibrium and we will live with these consequences for hundreds and thousands of years.”
“On a day-to-day basis, our weather has become more extreme. In 2025, heatwaves, wildfires, drought, tropical cyclones, storms and flooding caused thousands of deaths, impacted millions of people and caused billions in economic losses,” said Celeste Saulo.
The warming of the atmosphere including near the Earth's surface (the temperatures that humans feel) represents just 1% of the excess energy, whilst about 5% is stored in the continental land masses.
More than 91% of the excess heat is stored in the ocean, which acts as a major buffer against higher temperatures on land. Ocean heat content reached a new record high in 2025 and its rate of warming more than doubled from 1960-2005 to 2005-2025.
Another 3% of the excess energy warms and melts ice. The ice sheets on Antarctica and Greenland have both lost significant mass and the annual average Arctic sea-ice extent for 2025 was the lowest or second lowest on record in the satellite era. Exceptional glacier mass loss occurred in Iceland and along the Pacific coast of North America in 2025.
The warming ocean and melting ice are driving the long-term rise in global mean sea level, which has accelerated since satellite measurements began in 1993.
Ocean warming and sea level rise will continue for centuries, according to projections by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). Changes in ocean warming, and deep ocean pH are irreversible on centennial to millennial time scales.
“And in this age of war, climate stress is also exposing another truth: our addiction to fossil fuels is destabilizing both the climate and global security. Today's report should come with a warning label: climate chaos is accelerating and delay is deadly,” said Mr Guterres.
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注：完整题目见本文开头；中文文本为世界气象组织官方译文，仅供参考
含注释全文：
Earth's climate swings increasingly out of balance
From: WMO
WMO's flagship State of the Global Climate report was released on World Meteorological Day on 23 March, which has the theme Observing Today, Protecting Tomorrow.
WMO《全球气候状况》旗舰报告于3月23日世界气象日发布，主题为“测今日风云，护明日家园”。
meteorological
meteorological /ˌmiː.ti.ə.rəˈlɒdʒ.ɪ.kəl/ 表示“气象的”，英文解释为“relating to weather conditions”举个🌰：Accurate meteorological records began 100 years ago. 准确的气象记录始于100年前。
For the first time, the report includes the Earth's energy imbalance as one of the key climate indicators.
报告首次将地球能量失衡列为关键气候指标。
indicator
表示“指标”，英文解释为“something that shows what a situation is like”举个🌰：Commodity prices can be a useful indicator of inflation. 商品价格可以作为一种有用的通货膨胀指标。
The Earth's energy balance measures the rate at which energy enters and leaves the Earth system. Under a stable climate, incoming energy from the sun is about the same as the amount of outgoing energy.
地球能量平衡测量的是能量进入和离开地球系统的速率。在稳定的气候条件下，来自太阳的入射能量与出射能量大致相同。
However, increasing concentrations of heat-trapping greenhouse gases - carbon dioxide, methane and nitrous oxide - to their highest level in at least 800,000 years have upset this equilibrium.
然而，吸热温室气体（二氧化碳、甲烷和氧化亚氮）的浓度不断上升，已达至少80万年以来的最高水平，打破了这种平衡。
concentration
concentration /ˌkɒn.sənˈtreɪ.ʃən/ 除了表示我们平常熟悉的“专注、专心；关注、重视；集中、聚集”等，还可以表示“浓度”，英文解释为“the exact amount of one particular substance that is found in another substance”举个🌰：High concentrations of toxic elements were found in the polluted areas. 在被污染地区发现了高浓度的有毒元素。
equilibrium
equilibrium /ˌek.wɪˈlɪb.ri.əm/ 1）表示“平衡；均衡”，英文解释为“a state of balance”举个🌰：The disease destroys much of the inner ear, disturbing the animal's equilibrium. 这种疾病破坏动物内耳的大部分组织，妨碍其保持均衡。
2）表示“（心情或情绪的）平静，安宁；心理平衡”，英文解释为“a calm mental state”举个🌰：Yoga is said to restore one's inner equilibrium. 据说练瑜伽可以使人恢复内心的平静。
📍equilibrium也是经济学中常用的概念，用来描述市场或经济状态的平衡。
The Earth's energy imbalance has increased since its observational record began in 1960, particularly in the past 20 years. It reached a new high in 2025.
自1960年有观测记录以来，特别是过去20年，地球能量失衡在加剧，2025年达到了新高。
“Scientific advances have improved our understanding of the Earth's energy imbalance and of the reality facing our planet and our climate right now,” said WMO Secretary-General Celeste Saulo. “Human activities are increasingly disrupting the natural equilibrium and we will live with these consequences for hundreds and thousands of years.”
“科学进步提高了我们对地球能量失衡以及目前地球和气候所面临现实的理解，”WMO秘书长席列斯特·绍罗说。“人类活动正在不断破坏自然平衡，而数百年甚至数千年后我们都仍要承受其后果。”
“On a day-to-day basis, our weather has become more extreme. In 2025, heatwaves, wildfires, drought, tropical cyclones, storms and flooding caused thousands of deaths, impacted millions of people and caused billions in economic losses,” said Celeste Saulo.
“天气正日渐趋于极端。2025年，热浪、野火、干旱、热带气旋、风暴、洪水导致了数千人死亡，影响了数百万人，造成了数十亿美元的经济损失，”席列斯特·绍罗说。
tropical
tropical /ˈtrɒp.ɪ.kəl/ 表示“热带的”，英文解释为“from or relating to the area between the two tropics”如：tropical fish 热带鱼。
cyclone
cyclone /ˈsaɪkləʊn/ 表示“旋风；气旋；龙卷风”，英文解释为“a violent tropical storm or wind in which the air moves very fast in a circular direction”
The warming of the atmosphere including near the Earth's surface (the temperatures that humans feel) represents just 1% of the excess energy, whilst about 5% is stored in the continental land masses.
大气升温，包括近地表（人类体感到的温度）的升温仅占过剩能量的1%，约5%储存在大陆陆块中。
whilst
whilst /waɪlst/ 同while，表示“当…时；在…的过程中；虽然，尽管”，英文解释为“Whilst means the same as the conjunction while”
📍“whilst”是“while”的正式或英式英语用法，表示在做某事的“同时”或表达“虽然”的对比关系。
区分：
📍whistle /ˈwɪsəl/作名词表示“哨子，口哨声”（a small object that produces a high whistling sound when you blow into it）
More than 91% of the excess heat is stored in the ocean, which acts as a major buffer against higher temperatures on land. Ocean heat content reached a new record high in 2025 and its rate of warming more than doubled from 1960-2005 to 2005-2025.
91%以上的过剩热量则储存在海洋中，海洋对陆地升温起到了主要缓冲作用。2025年，海洋热含量创了新高，从1960-2005到2005-2025，其升温速度翻了一番以上。
buffer
buffer /ˈbʌf.ər/ 作名词，表示“缓冲物；起缓冲作用的人；减震器，缓冲器”，英文解释为“something or someone that helps protect from harm”。
作动词，表示“提供保护，使不受伤害；减少，减缓（伤害）”，英文解释为“to provide protection against harm；to reduce the harmful effects of sth”如：to buffer the effects of stress on health 减少压力对健康的影响。
Another 3% of the excess energy warms and melts ice. The ice sheets on Antarctica and Greenland have both lost significant mass and the annual average Arctic sea-ice extent for 2025 was the lowest or second lowest on record in the satellite era. Exceptional glacier mass loss occurred in Iceland and along the Pacific coast of North America in 2025.
另有3%的过剩能量导致了冰层升温、融化。南极洲和格陵兰岛的冰盖都有大量质量损失。2025年，北极年均海冰范围处在卫星时代有记录以来最低或第二低水平。2025年，冰岛和北美太平洋沿岸出现了异常的冰川质量损失。
glacier
glacier /ˈɡlæs.i.ər/ 表示“冰川，冰河”，英文解释为“a large mass of ice that moves slowly”
The warming ocean and melting ice are driving the long-term rise in global mean sea level, which has accelerated since satellite measurements began in 1993.
海洋升温和冰层融化正在驱动全球平均海平面长期上升，自1993年开始卫星测量以来，其速率已加速。
Ocean warming and sea level rise will continue for centuries, according to projections by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). Changes in ocean warming, and deep ocean pH are irreversible on centennial to millennial time scales.
根据政府间气候变化专门委员会（IPCC）的预测，海洋升温和海平面上升将持续几个世纪。在百年至千年时间尺度上，海洋升温和深海pH值的变化是不可逆转的。
irreversible
irreversible /ˌɪr.ɪˈvɜː.sə.bəl/ 表示“不可改变的，不可逆转的”，英文解释为“not possible to change; impossible to return to a previous condition”举个🌰：Smoking has caused irreversible damage to his lungs. 吸烟已经对他的肺部造成了永久的损害。
centennial
centennial /senˈten.i.əl/ 表示“百年的，百年纪念的”，英文解释为“relating to a hundred-year period, or the hundredth anniversary of an event” 举个🌰：The university celebrated its centennial with a series of events. 这所大学举办了一系列活动来庆祝其百年校庆。
“And in this age of war, climate stress is also exposing another truth: our addiction to fossil fuels is destabilizing both the climate and global security. Today's report should come with a warning label: climate chaos is accelerating and delay is deadly,” said Mr Guterres.
“在这个战火纷飞的时代，气候压力也在揭示另一重真相：我们对化石燃料的依赖，正在破坏气候和全球安全的稳定。今天发布的报告应贴上一条警示：气候混乱正在加速，拖延意味着死亡，”古特雷斯先生说。
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