多喝热水！

今天你练听力了吗？

🤔️小作业：

1. The primary purpose of the article is to

A. advocate for the universal adoption of morning hot water drinking as a health practice.

B. contrast traditional medical systems with modern scientific research on beverage consumption.

C. examine the popularity and purported benefits of hot water drinking in the context of limited scientific evidence.

D. detail the physiological mechanisms by which warm water accelerates digestion after surgery.

无注释原文：

TikTok's New Favorite Drink? It's Hot Water.

From: The New York Times

We've seen prebiotic sodas for gut health, the “sleepy girl mocktail” for sleep and lemon water for immunity and weight loss. Now, the latest beverage riding the online wellness wave is hot water.

A popular example is drinking hot or warm water in the morning before breakfast. Many claim it improves digestion, leaving them feeling thinner and less bloated — and occasionally running for the bathroom. Some also say it improves the skin, helps with weight loss and even “detoxifies” the body.

For thousands of years, practitioners of traditional Chinese medicine and ayurveda — a holistic medical system from India — have encouraged drinking hot or warm water in the morning (and throughout the day), in part to keep the digestive system operating at its best. When food and drinks are consumed cold, the thinking goes, digestion worsens, leading to gastrointestinal discomfort like bloating, said Jeff Gould, an acupuncturist at Johns Hopkins Medicine who is trained in traditional Chinese medicine.

Few scientific studies have explored the digestive benefits of hot or warm water. One, published in 2016, looked at 60 patients who had just come out of gallbladder surgery and found that those who drank warm water a few hours after the procedure passed gas sooner than those who didn't drink anything. The water didn't significantly hasten their first bowel movement, however.

There are a few small studies that have suggested that cold drinks or meals might cause the stomach to empty its contents more slowly than warm or hot ones. But those studies are limited, experts say. And it's not clear how (or if) that would affect the way you feel, Dr. Linda A. Lee, a gastroenterologist at Northwell Health in New Hyde Park, N.Y., said via email.

Despite the lack of scientific evidence, sipping warm water to stimulate a No. 2 first thing in the morning does make physiological sense, said Dr. Lisa Ganjhu, a gastroenterologist at NYU Langone Health. Your digestion slows while you sleep, she said. Anything you eat or drink — at any temperature — upon waking spurs waves of contraction and relaxation in the muscles of the esophagus, stomach and intestines. “It's basically telling everyone, ‘OK, get up. We've got to get moving,'” Dr. Ganjhu said.

Dr. Folasade May, a gastroenterologist and associate professor of medicine at the University of California, Los Angeles, said she was unfamiliar with hot water's star turn on social media. Many of her patients have mentioned that they have an easier time passing bowel movements after drinking warm water (often with lemon) first thing in the morning. Some, she said, may feel an almost immediate urge to use the toilet, though she added that the temperature of the water may not be important; it's possible they'd have the same experience if the water were lukewarm or cold.

- ◆ -

注：完整题目见本文开头；中文文本为纽约时报官方译文，仅供参考

含注释全文：

TikTok's New Favorite Drink? It's Hot Water.

From: The New York Times

We've seen prebiotic sodas for gut health, the “sleepy girl mocktail” for sleep and lemon water for immunity and weight loss. Now, the latest beverage riding the online wellness wave is hot water.

我们见过为肠道健康推出的益生元汽水、助眠的“睡美人无酒精鸡尾酒”，以及主打提升免疫力和减肥的柠檬水。眼下，最新一款搭上网络养生热潮的饮品是热水。

表示“益生元”，英文解释为“a food or pill containing fibre that helps good bacteria grow in your body and may keep you healthy”

gut /ɡʌt/ 作动词，表示“（尤指在烹调前）取出…的内脏”，英文解释为“to remove the inner organs of an animal, especially in preparation for eating it”举个🌰：She gutted the fish and cut off their heads. 她取出鱼的内脏并把鱼头切掉。

作名词，表示“消化道；肠道，肠”，英文解释为“the long tube in the body of a person or animal, through which food moves during the process of digesting food”举个🌰：Meat stays in the gut longer than vegetable matter. 和蔬菜相比，肉类在消化道中停留的时间更长。

sb's gut 表示“凭直觉，凭感情（决定或判断）”，英文解释为“a way of deciding what should be done or what is right, that is based on how someone feels rather than thinking about reasons”举个🌰：My head said that I should go but my gut said I should stay. 理智上我该走，但是感觉告诉我该留。

gut feeling/reaction 表示“直觉，本能，内心感觉”，英文解释为“a strong belief about someone or something that cannot completely be explained and does not have to be decided by reasoning”举个🌰：I have a gut feeling that the relationship won't last. 我有种直觉，这段关系不会太长久。

immunity /ɪˈmjuː.nə.ti/ 表示“免疫；免除；豁免”，英文解释为“a situation in which you are protected against disease or from legal action”举个🌰：The vaccination gives you immunity against the disease for up to six months. 注射这种疫苗会使你对这种疾病有长达6个月的免疫力。

A popular example is drinking hot or warm water in the morning before breakfast. Many claim it improves digestion, leaving them feeling thinner and less bloated — and occasionally running for the bathroom. Some also say it improves the skin, helps with weight loss and even “detoxifies” the body.

一个常见的做法是早餐前喝一杯热水或温水。许多人声称这能改善消化，让人感觉更轻盈、不易腹胀——有时甚至会让人急着跑去上厕所。还有人说它能改善皮肤、帮助减肥，甚至让身体“排毒”。

digestion /daɪˈdʒes.tʃən/ 表示“消化；消化能力”，英文解释为“the process by which your body digests food, or your ability to digest food”举个🌰：Discover how eating raw food helps balance your body and aids digestion. 弄清楚为什么生吃食物有助于身体的营养平衡并能促进消化。

bloated /ˈbləʊ.tɪd/ 1）表示“膨胀的；肿胀的；臃肿的”，英文解释为“swollen and rounded because of containing too much air, liquid, or food”如：a bloated stomach 鼓起的肚子，a bloated (= uncomfortably full) feeling 饱胀感。

2）表示“过于庞大的；巨富的”，英文解释为“larger or richer than necessary”如：a bloated capitalist 富得流油的资本家。

detoxify /diːˈtɒk.sɪ.faɪ/ 表示“去毒，解毒”，英文解释为“to stop using drugs or alcohol or eating certain foods for a period of time in order to get rid of harmful substances from your body”举个🌰：The idea of the diet was to detoxify the body. 这种饮食的理念是为身体排毒。

For thousands of years, practitioners of traditional Chinese medicine and ayurveda — a holistic medical system from India — have encouraged drinking hot or warm water in the morning (and throughout the day), in part to keep the digestive system operating at its best. When food and drinks are consumed cold, the thinking goes, digestion worsens, leading to gastrointestinal discomfort like bloating, said Jeff Gould, an acupuncturist at Johns Hopkins Medicine who is trained in traditional Chinese medicine.

数千年来，中医和阿育吠陀（源自印度的一种整体医学体系）一直提倡在早晨（以及一天中其他时间）饮用热水或温水，其中一个原因是帮助消化系统保持最佳运作状态。约翰斯·霍普金斯医学中心接受过中医训练的针灸师杰夫·古尔德表示，从这些理论来看，食用冷的食物或饮料会削弱消化功能，从而引发腹胀等胃肠不适。

practitioner /prækˈtɪʃ.ən.ər/ 表示“执业者；从业人员”，英文解释为“someone involved in a skilled job or activity”举个🌰：She is a London-based practitioner of traditional Chinese medicine. 她是一位在伦敦执业的中医医师。

holistic /həˈlɪs.tɪk/ 表示“整体的，全面的”，英文解释为“dealing with or treating the whole of something or someone and not just a part”举个🌰：My doctor takes a holistic approach to disease. 我的医生采用了一种全面的治疗方法。

gastrointestinal /ˌɡæs.trəʊˌɪn.tesˈtaɪ.nəl/ 表示“胃肠（里）的；与肠胃相关的”，英文解释为“in or relating to both the stomach and the intestine (= the long tube that food passes through after the stomach)”如：the gastrointestinal tract 胃肠道，gastrointestinal bleeding 胃肠出血。

acupuncturist /ˈæk.jʊ.pʌŋk.tʃər.ɪst/ 表示“针灸医生，针疗医生”，英文解释为“a person who is trained to do acupuncture (= a treatment for pain or illness using thin needles put into the skin in particular places around the body)”举个🌰：Acupuncture is an extremely safe treatment if done by a certified acupuncturist. 如果由经过认证的针灸师施针，针灸是一种非常安全的治疗方式。

Few scientific studies have explored the digestive benefits of hot or warm water. One, published in 2016, looked at 60 patients who had just come out of gallbladder surgery and found that those who drank warm water a few hours after the procedure passed gas sooner than those who didn't drink anything. The water didn't significantly hasten their first bowel movement, however.

鲜有科学研究探讨过热水或温水对消化的益处。2016年发表的一项研究报告观察了60名刚做完胆囊手术的患者，发现术后几小时饮用温水的患者比未饮用的患者更早排气。不过，饮水并未显著加快他们的首次排便时间。

digestive /daɪˈdʒes.tɪv/ 表示“消化的”，英文解释为“relating to the digestion of food”如：the digestive process 消化过程。

hasten /ˈheɪsən/ 表示“促进；使加快”，英文解释为“to make sth happen sooner or more quickly”举个🌰：The treatment she received may, in fact, have hastened her death. 实际上，她所接受的治疗可能加快了她的死亡。

bowel movement /ˈbaʊ.əl ˌmuːv.mənt/ 表示“（尤为医护人员用语）排便”，英文解释为“(used especially by doctors and nurses) the act of emptying the contents of the bowels, or the material that is emptied”

There are a few small studies that have suggested that cold drinks or meals might cause the stomach to empty its contents more slowly than warm or hot ones. But those studies are limited, experts say. And it's not clear how (or if) that would affect the way you feel, Dr. Linda A. Lee, a gastroenterologist at Northwell Health in New Hyde Park, N.Y., said via email.

还有一些小规模研究显示，冷饮或冷食可能会让胃排空的速度比温热食物更慢。但专家表示，这些研究证据有限。纽约州新海德公园诺斯韦尔健康中心的胃肠病学家琳达·李博士在邮件中表示，尚不清楚这种差异如何（或是否会）影响人的实际感受。

gastroenterologist /ˌɡæs.trəʊˌen.təˈrɒl.ə.dʒɪst/ 表示“胃肠病学家，消化科医师”，英文解释为“a doctor who specializes in diseases of the digestive system”

Despite the lack of scientific evidence, sipping warm water to stimulate a No. 2 first thing in the morning does make physiological sense, said Dr. Lisa Ganjhu, a gastroenterologist at NYU Langone Health. Your digestion slows while you sleep, she said. Anything you eat or drink — at any temperature — upon waking spurs waves of contraction and relaxation in the muscles of the esophagus, stomach and intestines. “It's basically telling everyone, ‘OK, get up. We've got to get moving,'” Dr. Ganjhu said.

纽约大学朗格尼医学中心的胃肠病学家丽莎·甘朱博士表示，尽管缺乏科学证据，但从生理角度来看，早晨第一件事就是喝温水来刺激排便是有一定道理的。她说，人在睡眠期间消化活动会减慢。醒来后，你摄入的任何东西——无论温度如何——都会刺激食道、胃和肠道肌肉产生收缩和舒张的波动。“这基本上是在告诉整个消化系统，‘好了，起床了，我们要开始运转了，'”甘朱博士说。

sip /sɪp/ 作名词，表示“一小口（饮料）”，英文解释为“a very small amount of a drink that you take into your mouth”如：to have/take a sip of water 喝一小口水。

作动词，表示“呷，啜”，英文解释为“to drink, taking only a very small amount at a time”举个🌰：This tea is very hot, so sip it carefully. 这茶很烫，喝的时候小心点。

stimulate /ˈstɪm.jə.leɪt/ 1）表示“刺激，使兴奋；使感兴趣”，英文解释为“to make someone excited and interested about something”举个🌰：The show was intended to stimulate and amuse. 这部电影的主要目的是助兴和娱乐。

2）表示“激发，激励；促进”，英文解释为“to encourage something to grow, develop, or become active”

3）表示“促进（身体某部位）的功能”，英文解释为“to cause part of the body to operate”举个🌰：The drugs stimulate the damaged tissue into repairing itself. 药物促使受损的组织自行修复。

No. 2是英语中一个非常常见的委婉语，意为排便（大便）。在日常英语中，为了礼貌或避免直白说出“poop”（大便）或“defecate”（排便），人们常用数字来替代：No. 1 = 小便 (urinate)、No. 2 = 大便 (defecate)。

spur /spɜːr/ 表示“鼓动；激励；鞭策；刺激；鼓舞”，英文解释为“If one thing spurs you to do another, it encourages you to do it.”举个🌰：It's the money that spurs these fishermen to risk a long ocean journey in their flimsy boats. 是金钱驱使这些渔民驾驶单薄的小船冒险出海远航。Spurred (on) by her early success, she went on to write four more novels in rapid succession. 受到之前成功的鼓励，她紧接着又连续写了4部小说。

Dr. Folasade May, a gastroenterologist and associate professor of medicine at the University of California, Los Angeles, said she was unfamiliar with hot water's star turn on social media. Many of her patients have mentioned that they have an easier time passing bowel movements after drinking warm water (often with lemon) first thing in the morning. Some, she said, may feel an almost immediate urge to use the toilet, though she added that the temperature of the water may not be important; it's possible they'd have the same experience if the water were lukewarm or cold.

加州大学洛杉矶分校医学副教授、胃肠病学家福拉萨德·梅博士表示，她此前并不了解热水在社交媒体上的走红。她的许多患者提到，早晨起床后喝温水（通常加柠檬）会更容易排便。有些人甚至会几乎立刻产生如厕的冲动。不过她也补充说，水的温度可能并非关键——即使是温凉水甚至冷水，也可能产生同样效果。

star turn /ˌstɑː ˈtɜːn/ 1）表示“（电影、戏剧等的）主要演员；精彩表演”，英文解释为“the main performer in a film, play, or other show, or an extremely good performance by someone”

2）在这个语境中，star turn是一个比喻性的表达，意思是“走红”、“备受追捧”或“成为明星般的热门事物”。在日常用语中，它被用来形容某件事物突然变得非常流行、广受关注，成为大家热议的焦点，就像明星登场一样。

lukewarm /ˈluːk.wɔːrm/ 1）表示“冷淡的，不热情的”，英文解释为“not enthusiastic or interested”举个🌰：Her proposals got a lukewarm response. 大家对她的建议反应冷淡。

2）表示“（尤指液体）温吞的，微热的”，英文解释为“(especially of a liquid) only slightly warm”举个🌰：This coffee's lukewarm. 这杯咖啡不热。

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