AI顶级学术会议NeurIPS道歉
LearnAndRecord约 10 分钟近日，在中国计算机学会、中国科学技术协会等发布声明宣布“抵制”后，人工智能顶级学术会议NeurIPS撤回了此前针对中国机构的歧视性投稿限制。
🤔️小作业：
1. According to the passage, what was the immediate consequence of the policy change announced by NeurIPS earlier in the week?
A. A surge in submissions from Chinese researchers.
B. A boycott initiated by China's largest technology professionals federation.
C. An expansion of the U.S. Treasury's Specially Designated Nationals List.
D. An increase in funding applications for attending NeurIPS.
无注释原文：
Top AI conference reverses ban on papers from US-sanctioned entities after Chinese boycott
From: Reuters
A leading artificial intelligence conference on Friday reversed a policy change that would have banned papers from researchers at any entity under U.S. sanctions, soon after a boycott from China's largest federation for technology professionals.
The Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems, known as NeurIPS, published the new policy earlier this week, saying its California-based foundation had to comply with U.S. law.
NeurIPS - where AI companies and experts meet every December to present peer-reviewed research and discuss the latest breakthroughs - said on Friday the policy had been issued in error and apologised.
The rule change had marked an expansion of previous restrictions that only banned submissions from entities on the U.S. Treasury's Specially Designated Nationals List, a programme often used to target militants and drug traffickers.
The announcement sparked outrage in China, which is locked in an intensifying AI race with the United States, and has seen hundreds of its companies and universities put on U.S. trade blacklists.
The China Association for Science and Technology (CAST) said in a statement earlier on Friday it would stop accepting funding applications for members wanting to attend NeurIPS.
It said it would instead redirect them to domestic conferences or "international conferences that respect the rights and interests of Chinese academics".
Soon after, NeurIPS said on X that the new restrictions had been published by mistake because of a miscommunication with its legal team and that it had updated its policy to make clear that restrictions on submissions applied only to those on the SDN list.
"The responsibility for that error is ours as an organization, and we deeply apologize for the alarm and impact this miscommunication had on our community," NeurIPS said.
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注：完整题目见本文开头；中文文本为机器翻译，仅供参考
含注释全文：
Top AI conference reverses ban on papers from US-sanctioned entities after Chinese boycott
From: Reuters
A leading artificial intelligence conference on Friday reversed a policy change that would have banned papers from researchers at any entity under U.S. sanctions, soon after a boycott from China's largest federation for technology professionals.
周五，人工智能顶级会议主办方撤销了一项政策变更，该变更原本会禁止任何受美国制裁实体的研究人员论文投稿。这一举动是在中国最大科技专业人员联合会发起抵制后不久作出的。
reverse
1）表示“失败；挫折”，英文解释为“a defeat or failure”举个🌰：They suffered a serious reverse. 他们遭受了一次重大的失败。也可以表示“相反的情况（或事物）；对立面”，英文解释为“the opposite of what has been suggested”
2）作动词，表示“（使）反向；（使）倒转；彻底改变；推翻”，英文解释为“to change the direction, order, position, result, etc. of something to its opposite”举个🌰：The new manager hoped to reverse the decline in the company's fortunes. 新经理希望能够扭转公司江河日下的状况。
entity
entity /ˈen.tɪ.ti/ 表示“实体；独立存在体”，英文解释为“something that exists apart from other things, having its own independent existence”举个🌰：The museums work closely together, but are separate legal entities. 这些博物馆密切合作，但它们都是独立的法人实体。
sanction
sanction /ˈsæŋk.ʃən/ 1）常见含义表示“制裁”，英文解释为“an official order, such as the stopping of trade, that is taken against a country in order to make it obey international law”举个🌰：Many nations have imposed sanctions on the country. 许多国家都对其进行制裁。
2）表示“（为维护法律或规定而采取的）强硬措施;（对违反法律或规定者进行的）惩罚，处罚”，英文解释为“a strong action taken in order to make people obey a law or rule, or a punishment given when they do not obey”举个🌰：Without realistic sanctions, some teachers have difficulty keeping order in the classroom. 没有切实可行的处罚措施，有些教师难以维持课堂秩序。
3）可以作动词也可以作名词，表示“批准；认可”，英文解释为“If someone in authority sanctions an action or practice, they officially approve of it and allow it to be done.”如：sanction the use of force 批准使用武力。
boycott
boycott /ˈbɔɪkɒt/ 在类似新闻报道中多次出现，比如韩国小姐集体拒绝赴日比赛一文中的Korea to boycott Miss International 2019；
boycott可作动词也可作名词，意思是“抵制，排斥，拒绝参加”，我国港澳台地区常说的“杯葛”一词即为boycott的音译，英文解释为“to refuse to buy, use or take part in sth as a way of protesting”举个🌰：We boycott all products tested on animals. 我们抵制所有拿动物做试验的产品。
The Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems, known as NeurIPS, published the new policy earlier this week, saying its California-based foundation had to comply with U.S. law.
神经信息处理系统会议（Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems，简称NeurIPS）主办方本周早些时候公布了新政策，并表示其总部位于加利福尼亚的基金会必须遵守美国法律。
neural
neural /ˈnjʊə.rəl/ 表示“神经的；神经系统的”，英文解释为“involving a nerve or the system of nerves that includes the brain”举个🌰：Some people suffered severe neural damage as a result of the disease. 有些人罹患这种疾病后神经受到严重损伤。
comply with
表示“服从；遵守；依从”，英文解释为“to act according to an order, set of rules, or request”举个🌰：There are serious penalties for failure to comply with the regulations. 不遵守规定者将受到严惩。
NeurIPS - where AI companies and experts meet every December to present peer-reviewed research and discuss the latest breakthroughs - said on Friday the policy had been issued in error and apologised.
NeurIPS是每年12月人工智能公司与专家汇聚一堂、展示经过同行评审的研究成果并研讨最新突破的会议。该会议主办方在周五表示，这项政策是误发布的，并为此公开道歉。
peer-review
表示“同行评审，同行评议”，英文解释为“the evaluation by fellow specialists of research that someone has done in order to assess its suitability for publication or further development”
The rule change had marked an expansion of previous restrictions that only banned submissions from entities on the U.S. Treasury's Specially Designated Nationals List, a programme often used to target militants and drug traffickers.
这项规则变更扩大了此前的限制范围。之前的规定仅禁止被列入美国财政部“特别指定国民名单”（Specially Designated Nationals List，简称SDN名单）的实体论文投稿，而该名单通常用于针对武装分子和毒品贩运者。
trafficker
trafficker /ˈtræf.ɪ.kər/ 表示“做非法买卖的人（尤指毒品贩子）”，英文解释为“a person who trades in illegal goods, especially drugs, or who buys or sells people or makes money from the work people are forced to do, such as sex work”如：drug traffickers 毒品贩子，an international arms trafficker 国际军火贩子。
The announcement sparked outrage in China, which is locked in an intensifying AI race with the United States, and has seen hundreds of its companies and universities put on U.S. trade blacklists.
这一公告在中国引发强烈反响。中国正与美国展开日益激烈的人工智能竞争，已有数百家中国公司和高校被列入美国贸易黑名单。
spark
spark /spɑːk/ 表示“引发”，英文解释为“If one thing sparks another, the first thing causes the second thing to start happening.”举个🌰：My teacher organized a unit on computer science that really sparked my interest. 我的老师编排了一个关于计算机科学的单元，它真正激发了我的兴趣。
此前，《后浪》和「青年」文中标题中就用到：Bilibili's May 4th Youth Day video sparks discussion on social media 引发热议。
类似的还有：
📍stir表示“激发，激起（强烈的感情）；引起（强烈的反应）”，英文解释为“to make someone have a strong feeling or reaction”举个🌰：The poem succeeds in stirring the imagination. 这首诗能够激发起想象力。
📍provoke也表示“激起，引起”，英文解释为“to cause a reaction or feeling, especially a sudden one”，如：provoke debate/discussion 激起辩论/讨论。
📍spur 鼓动；激励；鞭策；刺激；鼓舞”，英文解释为“If one thing spurs you to do another, it encourages you to do it.”举个🌰：It's the money that spurs these fishermen to risk a long ocean journey in their flimsy boats. 是金钱驱使这些渔民驾驶单薄的小船冒险出海远航。
🎬电影《龙之心3：巫师的诅咒》（Dragonheart 3: The Sorcerer's Curse）中的台词提到：To spur the clans to war. 激励部族发起战争。
📍trigger表示“发动；引起；触发”，英文解释为“to make sth happen suddenly”举个🌰：Nuts can trigger off a violent allergic reaction. 坚果可以引起严重的过敏反应。
outrage
outrage /ˈaʊt.reɪdʒ/ 本身可以作动词，表示“（尤指不公平的行为或言论）使感到义愤，使愤慨，激怒”，也可以作名词，表示“愤怒；义愤；愤慨”，英文解释为“a strong feeling of shock and anger”举个🌰：The judge's remarks caused public outrage. 裁判的话引起了公愤。
outraged作形容词，表示“愤怒的；愤慨的，义愤填膺的”，英文解释为“feeling outrage”举个🌰：Outraged viewers jumped onto social media to complain about the ending of the series. 许多愤怒的观众纷纷在社交平台上对连续剧的结局表示不满。
📍词根“out-”表示“外”，“rage”表示“愤怒”，整体意味着超出正常范围的“愤怒”或“暴行”。近义词：fury（狂怒），同根词：outrageous（令人震惊的），常用短语：express outrage（表达愤怒）
blacklist
blacklist /ˈblæk.lɪst/ 表示“黑名单”，英文解释为“a list of people, countries, etc. who are considered by a particular authority or group to be unacceptable and who should be avoided and not trusted”
The China Association for Science and Technology (CAST) said in a statement earlier on Friday it would stop accepting funding applications for members wanting to attend NeurIPS.
中国科学技术协会（China Association for Science and Technology，简称CAST）在周五早些时候的一份声明中表示，将停止受理NeurIPS参会人员的资助申请。
It said it would instead redirect them to domestic conferences or "international conferences that respect the rights and interests of Chinese academics".
声明指出，协会将改为引导这些成员参加国内会议，或参加那些“尊重中国学者权益的国际会议”。
Soon after, NeurIPS said on X that the new restrictions had been published by mistake because of a miscommunication with its legal team and that it had updated its policy to make clear that restrictions on submissions applied only to those on the SDN list.
随后，NeurIPS主办方在社交媒体X上表示，此前的新限制因与法律团队沟通失误而错误发布，并已更新政策，明确投稿限制仅适用于SDN名单上的实体。
"The responsibility for that error is ours as an organization, and we deeply apologize for the alarm and impact this miscommunication had on our community," NeurIPS said.
NeurIPS主办方表示：“作为组织，这一错误完全是我们的责任。我们对这次沟通失误给学术社区造成的恐慌与影响表示深切歉意。”
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