英国有望对2008年后出生者实施终身禁烟
LearnAndRecord约 10 分钟🤔️小作业：
1. According to the article, which of the following locations is explicitly excluded from the new vaping restrictions?
A. Hospital grounds.
B. Playgrounds outside schools.
C. Private outdoor spaces like pub gardens.
D. Cars carrying children.
无注释原文：
Smoking ban for people born after 2008 in the UK agreed
From: BBC
Children aged 17 or younger will face a lifelong ban on buying cigarettes, as the Tobacco and Vapes Bill clears Parliament.
Both the Commons and Lords have settled on a final draft of the "landmark" legislation that aims to stop anyone born after 1 January 2009 from taking up smoking by making it illegal for shops to sell them tobacco, to create a smoke-free generation.
When it gets royal assent, ministers will also have new powers to regulate tobacco, vaping and nicotine products, including their flavours and packaging.
It is part of a series of measures aimed at tackling the health effects of smoking, one of the UK's leading causes of preventable death, disability and ill health.
Vaping will be banned in cars carrying children, in playgrounds and outside schools and at hospitals, expanding smoke-free laws.
Vaping would still be allowed outside hospitals in a bid to support those trying to quit.
Outdoor hospitality venues like pub gardens and wider open spaces such as beaches and private outdoor spaces are not included in the plans.
People will also be able to continue smoking and vaping in their homes.
Secretary of State for Health and Social Care, Wes Streeting, called it an historic moment for the nation's health, adding: "Prevention is better than cure – this reform will save lives, ease pressure on the NHS, and build a healthier Britain."
Health minister Baroness Merron told the Lords on Monday: "It is, in fact, the biggest public health intervention in a generation and I can assure all noble Lords it will save lives."
Lord Naseby, a Conservative former MP, said the Tobacco and Vapes Bill "does upset a great many people in that industry", including retailers.
"What we really need is a proper understanding of how we educate people not to take up smoking," he said.
Responding to Lord Naseby, Lady Merron said: "I can overall assure Lord Naseby, as I've done on a number of occasions, about how closely we have worked with retailers, and we will continue to do so."
Sarah Sleet from Asthma + Lung UK said the legislation promised to transform the nation's health.
"Now that this groundbreaking bill is finally over the line, we have a chance to go further to protect public health and hold the tobacco industry to account."
She urged the government to provide widespread smoking cessation support, to ensure existing smokers are not left behind.
"Right now we have a postcode lottery, which is why the tobacco industry should pay through a levy to reduce the harm they cause by funding these crucial services across the UK," she said.
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注：完整题目见本文开头；中文文本为BBC官方译文，仅供参考
含注释全文：
Smoking ban for people born after 2008 in the UK agreed
From: BBC
Children aged 17 or younger will face a lifelong ban on buying cigarettes, as the Tobacco and Vapes Bill clears Parliament.
随着英国《烟草和电子烟法案》在议会达成共识，17岁及以下儿童将面临终身禁止购买香烟的禁令。
vape
vape /veɪp/ 作动词，表示“吸入（电子香烟的）喷气”，英文解释为“to breathe in nicotine (= the drug found in tobacco) or another drug as vapour rather than as smoke, especially using an e-cigarette”举个🌰：Rather than start vaping, you should give up smoking altogether. 你应该彻底戒烟，而不是开始吸电子烟。
作名词，表示“吸电子烟，吸雾化烟”，英文解释为“the act of breathing in nicotine (= the drug found in tobacco) or another drug as vapour rather than as smoke, especially using an e-cigarette”
bill
bill /bɪl/ 熟词僻义，作动词，表示“把…宣传为；做广告；通过广告宣传”，英文解释为“If you bill a person or event as a particular thing, you advertise them in a way that makes people think they have particular qualities or abilities.”举个🌰：The young author was billed as "the new Beckett." 这位年轻作家被吹捧为“新贝克特”。
📍《经济学人》（The Economist）一篇讲述奢侈品集团思索清空库存方法的文章中提到：Every frock sold by the likes of Gucci or Givenchy is billed as a must-have that season. 古驰或纪梵希之类的品牌把它们的每条裙子都标榜为当季必买。
作名词，表示“议案，法案”，英文解释为“a formal statement of a planned new law that is discussed before being voted on”举个🌰：The bill was amended (= changed). 议案被修订了。
parliament
parliament /ˈpɑː.lɪ.mənt/ 表示“议会”，英文解释为“in some countries, the group of (usually) elected politicians or other people who make the laws for their country”
Both the Commons and Lords have settled on a final draft of the "landmark" legislation that aims to stop anyone born after 1 January 2009 from taking up smoking by making it illegal for shops to sell them tobacco, to create a smoke-free generation.
下议院与上议院已经就这项“里程碑式”立法的的最终草案达成一致，目标是阻止任何在2009年1月1日之后出生的人染上吸烟习惯。该法案将使商店售卖烟草给这些人变成非法，藉此打造无烟世代。
legislation
legislation /ˌledʒ.ɪˈsleɪ.ʃən/ 表示“法律；立法”，英文解释为“a law or set of laws suggested by a government and made official by a parliament”举个🌰：The government has promised to introduce legislation to limit fuel emissions from cars. 政府许诺将通过立法来限制汽车尾气排放。
When it gets royal assent, ministers will also have new powers to regulate tobacco, vaping and nicotine products, including their flavours and packaging.
该法案一旦获得王室批准，政府将拥有新的权力来监管烟草、电子烟和尼古丁产品，包括其口味和包装。
assent
assent /əˈsent/ 表示“同意；赞成”，英文解释为“official agreement to or approval of an idea, plan, or request”举个🌰：She nodded her assent to the proposal. 她点头表示同意该建议。
nicotine
nicotine /ˈnɪkəˌtiːn/表示“尼古丁；烟碱”，英文解释为“a poisonous substance in tobacco that people become addicted to, so that it is difficult to stop smoking”
It is part of a series of measures aimed at tackling the health effects of smoking, one of the UK's leading causes of preventable death, disability and ill health.
这是一系列旨在应对吸烟对健康影响的措施之一。吸烟是英国导致可预防死亡、残疾和疾病的主要原因之一。
Vaping will be banned in cars carrying children, in playgrounds and outside schools and at hospitals, expanding smoke-free laws.
电子烟将在载有儿童的车辆、游乐场、校园外以及医院范围内被全面禁止，此举扩大了无烟法律的适用范围。
Vaping would still be allowed outside hospitals in a bid to support those trying to quit.
然而，为了帮助正在尝试戒烟的人士，电子烟在医院外仍被允许。
Outdoor hospitality venues like pub gardens and wider open spaces such as beaches and private outdoor spaces are not included in the plans.
户外餐饮场所如酒吧花园以及更广阔的公共空间如海滩和私人户外区域并未被纳入禁令。
hospitality
hospitality /ˌhɒs.pɪˈtæl.ə.ti/ 表示“（待客用的）食物，饮料；招待，款待”，英文解释为“food, drink, entertainment, etc. that an organization provides for guests or business partners”如：the hospitality industry (= hotels, restaurants, etc.) 招待性行业（如旅馆、饭店等）。
People will also be able to continue smoking and vaping in their homes.
人们仍然可以在自己家中继续吸烟或使用电子烟。
Secretary of State for Health and Social Care, Wes Streeting, called it an historic moment for the nation's health, adding: "Prevention is better than cure – this reform will save lives, ease pressure on the NHS, and build a healthier Britain."
英国卫生和社会保障大臣韦斯·斯特里廷（Wes Streeting）称此举是国家健康史上的一个里程碑，并补充道：“预防胜于治疗。这项改革将拯救生命，减轻国民医疗服务体系（NHS）的压力，并建设一个更健康的英国。”
Health minister Baroness Merron told the Lords on Monday: "It is, in fact, the biggest public health intervention in a generation and I can assure all noble Lords it will save lives."
卫生部长梅伦（Baroness Merron）周一（4月20日）在英国上议院表示：“事实上，这是近几十年来规模最大的公共卫生干预措施，我可以向所有尊敬的上议院议员保证，它将拯救生命。”
intervention
intervention /ˌɪn.təˈven.ʃən/ 表示“干涉，介入；（由家庭成员、朋友或医护人员共同开会劝导有酗酒或毒瘾问题者接受现实并开始治疗的）干预活动”，英文解释为“Intervention is the act of intervening in a situation. A meeting at which someone with a drug or alcohol problem is asked by family members, friends, or health workers to accept the fact that they have a problem and is encouraged to get treatment”
Lord Naseby, a Conservative former MP, said the Tobacco and Vapes Bill "does upset a great many people in that industry", including retailers.
保守党前议员纳斯比（Lord Naseby）表示，《烟草和电子烟法案》“确实让该行业的许多人感到不满”，其中包括零售商。
"What we really need is a proper understanding of how we educate people not to take up smoking," he said.
他说：“我们真正需要的是正确的理解，如何教育人们不要开始吸烟。”
Responding to Lord Naseby, Lady Merron said: "I can overall assure Lord Naseby, as I've done on a number of occasions, about how closely we have worked with retailers, and we will continue to do so."
在回应纳斯比的质疑时，梅伦表示：“我可以再次向纳斯比勋爵保证，就如我在多次场合所说的，我们与零售商密切合作，并将持续这样做。”
Sarah Sleet from Asthma + Lung UK said the legislation promised to transform the nation's health.
英国“哮喘与肺病协会”（Asthma + Lung UK）的莎拉·斯利特（Sarah Sleet）则指出，这项立法有望彻底改变国民健康。
"Now that this groundbreaking bill is finally over the line, we have a chance to go further to protect public health and hold the tobacco industry to account."
她说：“如今这项划时代的法案终于跨过最后一道关卡，我们有机会进一步保护公众健康，并让烟草产业承担责任。”
She urged the government to provide widespread smoking cessation support, to ensure existing smokers are not left behind.
她同时敦促政府提供广泛的戒烟支持，以确保现有的吸烟者不会被遗忘。
cessation
cessation /sesˈeɪ.ʃən/ 表示“结束，停止；中断，中止”，英文解释为“ending or stopping”举个🌰：They have called for a total cessation of the bombing campaign. 他们呼吁彻底停止这场轰炸行动。
"Right now we have a postcode lottery, which is why the tobacco industry should pay through a levy to reduce the harm they cause by funding these crucial services across the UK," she said.
她说：“眼下我们面临的是一场邮递区号的抽签不公平的状况（指地区性公共服务差异），这正是为什么应该通过对烟草业征税来资助英国各地这些至关重要的服务，从而减少他们造成的危害。”
levy
levy /ˈlev.i/ 表示“征收（税等）”，英文解释为“If a government or organization levies a tax or other sum of money, it demands it from people or organizations.”如：a tax levied by the government on excess company profits 政府对公司超额利润征收的税。
🎬电影《国王的演讲》（The King's Speech）中的台词提到：Can I... Can I... levy a tax? Declare a war? No. 我能 我能征税吗 能宣战吗 不能。
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