美国公布UFO档案

近日，美国国防部公布了首批超过160份、涉及400余起事件的UFO（或称UAP）档案，内容横跨上世纪40年代至今，但官方明确表示这些档案‌并未提供外星文明存在的证据‌，多数事件仍属“尚无定论”。

今天你练听力了吗？

🤔️小作业：

1. According to the article, which of the following statements about the released documents is true?

A. They include reports from both civilian and military sources.

B. They were released voluntarily by the Pentagon without political pressure.

C. They contain evidence that President Obama saw aliens during his term.

D. They were all created in the 1950s and 1960s.

无注释原文：

Hovering objects and flashing lights: what we learned from UFO documents released by the Pentagon

From: BBC

The tranche of never-before-seen documents released by the Pentagon on UFOs includes descriptions of reported sightings - by civilians on Earth and by astronauts on the Moon.

The documents, spanning decades, were declassified and posted online on Friday at the direction of US President Donald Trump, who said earlier this year that he would release them "based on the tremendous interest shown".

The US has seen renewed public interest in extraterrestrial life in recent years. In 2022, Congress held the first hearings on UFOs in 50 years and the military has promised more transparency on the matter.

The 161 files are accessible on the Department of Defense's website, with more set to be released.

Friday's release of files comes after former President Barack Obama sparked further interest when he said in a February interview that aliens were "real, but I haven't seen them".

Obama has since clarified his comments, saying that statistically the chances are that life is out there but that he saw "no evidence" while president.

Trump later that month directed to Pentagon to release files "related to alien and extraterrestrial life, unidentified aerial phenomena (UAP), and unidentified flying objects (UFOs)".

The files that came out on Friday include decades of declassified military memos, reports from the Apollo Moon missions and reports from individuals who claim to have witnessed a UFO - or unidentified flying object - that they suspect has extraterrestrial origins.

Among the decades' worth of reports released in the files are dozens of individual claims of sightings of unidentified anomalous phenomena, or UAP.

One file shows a man told the FBI in a 1957 interview that he had witnessed a large, circular vehicle rising over the ground. There are also interviews from September and October 2023 in which US citizens report hovering metal objects materialising out of bright light.

Congressman Tim Burchett, a Republican from Tennessee, has previously advocated for more governmental transparency on UFO sightings. He welcomed the Pentagon's release of the files, calling it a "great start" in a post on X.

Republican Anna Paulina Luna, a congresswoman from Florida, also advocates for transparency on this issue. She called the disclosure "a massive first step in the right direction" in a statement.

However, former Congresswoman Marjorie Taylor Greene, a onetime Trump ally who has fallen out with the president and left Congress, said the release was a distraction from more pressing issues facing Americans, such as price affordability and the war in Iran.

"I'm so sick of the 'look at the shiny object' propaganda," Greene said in a post on X.

- ◆ -

注：完整题目见本文开头；中文文本为BBC官方译文，仅供参考

含注释全文：

Hovering objects and flashing lights: what we learned from UFO documents released by the Pentagon

From: BBC

The tranche of never-before-seen documents released by the Pentagon on UFOs includes descriptions of reported sightings - by civilians on Earth and by astronauts on the Moon.

美国五角大楼公开了一批从未曝光的UFO文件，内容包括多宗据报目击不明飞行物的描述，目击者既有地球上的平民，也有登月任务中的太空人。

tranche /trɑːntʃ/ 表示“（金融协议，付款，金额等的）一部分”，英文解释为“one of several parts of a financial arrangement, payment, amount, etc.”

civilian /sɪˈvɪl.jən/ 作形容词，表示“平民的；民用的”；作名词，表示“平民，老百姓”，英文解释为“a person who is not a member of the police or the armed forces”

The documents, spanning decades, were declassified and posted online on Friday at the direction of US President Donald Trump, who said earlier this year that he would release them "based on the tremendous interest shown".

这些跨越数十年的文件，按照美国总统特朗普（Donald Trump，川普）的指示解密，并于周五在网上发布。特朗普今年初曾表示，鉴于公众对此“表现出极大兴趣”，他将公开相关文件。

span /spæn/ 1）表示“横跨”，英文解释为“A bridge or other structure that spans something such as a river or a valley stretches right across it.”举个🌰：Travellers get from one side to the other by walking across a footbridge that spans a little stream. 旅游者通过一座横跨小溪的人行桥从一边走到另一边。

2）表示“持续”，英文解释为“If something spans a long period of time, it lasts throughout that period of time or relates to that whole period of time.”举个🌰：His professional career spanned 16 years. 他的职业生涯持续了16年。

表示“消密”，英文解释为“If secret documents or records are declassified, it is officially stated that they are no longer secret.”举个🌰：These reports were only declassified last year. 这些报告去年才被消密。

🎬电影《公平游戏》（Fair Game）中的台词提到：Does the President have the power to declassify information?总统有解密材料的权利吗？

The US has seen renewed public interest in extraterrestrial life in recent years. In 2022, Congress held the first hearings on UFOs in 50 years and the military has promised more transparency on the matter.

近年来，美国公众对外星生命的兴趣再度升温。2022年，美国国会举行50年来首次有关UFO的听证会，而军方亦承诺在此议题上提高透明度。

renewed /rɪˈnjuːd/ 表示“更新”，英文解释为“begun or happening again”如：renewed interest/enthusiasm 重新产生兴趣/热情，举个🌰：The latest outbreak has led to renewed concern about the spread of the disease. 最近爆发的疫情再次引发了人们对该疾病传播的担忧。

extraterrestrial /ˌek.strə.təˈres.tri.əl/ 作形容词，表示“地球外的，宇宙的，外星的”，英文解释为“Extraterrestrial means happening, existing, or coming from somewhere beyond the planet Earth.”举个🌰：NASA has started a 10-year search for extraterrestrial intelligence. 美国航空航天局已经启动了一个为期10年的寻找外星生物的项目。

作名词直接可以表示“外星人，外星生物”（a creature that people think may exist on another planet）。

The 161 files are accessible on the Department of Defense's website, with more set to be released.

这161份文件可在美国国防部网站查阅，预计还会有更多文件公开。

Friday's release of files comes after former President Barack Obama sparked further interest when he said in a February interview that aliens were "real, but I haven't seen them".

周五公开文件之前，前总统奥巴马（Barack Obama）在2月一次访问中表示，外星生物“是真的，但我没有见过”，这番说法进一步引发关注。

spark /spɑːk/ 表示“引发”，英文解释为“If one thing sparks another, the first thing causes the second thing to start happening.”举个🌰：My teacher organized a unit on computer science that really sparked my interest. 我的老师编排了一个关于计算机科学的单元，它真正激发了我的兴趣。

此前，《后浪》和「青年」文中标题中就用到：Bilibili's May 4th Youth Day video sparks discussion on social media 引发热议。

类似的还有：

📍stir表示“激发，激起（强烈的感情）；引起（强烈的反应）”，英文解释为“to make someone have a strong feeling or reaction”举个🌰：The poem succeeds in stirring the imagination. 这首诗能够激发起想象力。

📍provoke也表示“激起，引起”，英文解释为“to cause a reaction or feeling, especially a sudden one”，如：provoke debate/discussion 激起辩论/讨论。

📍spur 鼓动；激励；鞭策；刺激；鼓舞”，英文解释为“If one thing spurs you to do another, it encourages you to do it.”举个🌰：It's the money that spurs these fishermen to risk a long ocean journey in their flimsy boats. 是金钱驱使这些渔民驾驶单薄的小船冒险出海远航。

🎬电影《龙之心3：巫师的诅咒》（Dragonheart 3: The Sorcerer's Curse）中的台词提到：To spur the clans to war. 激励部族发起战争。

📍trigger表示“发动；引起；触发”，英文解释为“to make sth happen suddenly”举个🌰：Nuts can trigger off a violent allergic reaction. 坚果可以引起严重的过敏反应。

Obama has since clarified his comments, saying that statistically the chances are that life is out there but that he saw "no evidence" while president.

奥巴马其后澄清其言论，称从统计角度看，外面存在生命的可能性是有的，但他在担任总统期间“没有看到证据”。

clarify /ˈklær.ɪ.faɪ/ 表示“澄清；阐明；使更清晰易懂”，英文解释为“to make something clear or easier to understand by giving more details or a simpler explanation”举个🌰：Could you clarify the first point please? I don't understand it completely. 请你把第一点再阐释一下，好吗？我没有完全明白。

statistically /stəˈtɪs.tɪ.kəl.i/ 表示“统计学上”，英文解释为“in a way that relates to statistics”举个🌰：Researchers would not view this survey as being statistically valid. 研究人员不会认为这项调查在统计上是有效的。

(the) chances are表示“很有可能”，英文解释为“it is likely”举个🌰：Chances are (that) they'll be late anyway. 总之，他们很可能会迟到。

Trump later that month directed to Pentagon to release files "related to alien and extraterrestrial life, unidentified aerial phenomena (UAP), and unidentified flying objects (UFOs)".

特朗普同月稍后指示五角大楼公开“与外星生命、不明异常现象（UAP）及不明飞行物（UFO）有关”的文件。

aerial /ˈeə.ri.əl/ 表示“（尤指从飞机上的）空中的；空气中的”，英文解释为“in or from the air, especially from an aircraft”

在体育语境中，aerials指的是“自由式滑雪空中技巧”，这是自由式滑雪中的一个项目（英文全称是Freestyle Skiing Aerials）。运动员需要从陡峭的雪坡上滑下，然后冲上一个高高的跳台（通常是反坡），在空中完成翻腾和转体等动作后，落在着陆坡上。

The files that came out on Friday include decades of declassified military memos, reports from the Apollo Moon missions and reports from individuals who claim to have witnessed a UFO - or unidentified flying object - that they suspect has extraterrestrial origins.

周五公开的文件包括跨越数十年的解密军方备忘录、阿波罗登月任务报告，以及一些个人报告。这些报告来自声称曾目击UFO的人，他们怀疑这些物体来自外太空。

Among the decades' worth of reports released in the files are dozens of individual claims of sightings of unidentified anomalous phenomena, or UAP.

在这批公开文件中，还有数十年来的报告，收录了数十宗个人声称目击不明异常现象的个案。

anomalous /əˈnɒm.ə.ləs/ 表示“反常的；异常的；不规则的”，英文解释为“different from what is usual, or not in agreement with something else and therefore not satisfactory”举个🌰：The experiment yielded anomalous results. 实验产生了异常的结果。

One file shows a man told the FBI in a 1957 interview that he had witnessed a large, circular vehicle rising over the ground. There are also interviews from September and October 2023 in which US citizens report hovering metal objects materialising out of bright light.

其中一份文件显示，一名男子在1957年接受联邦调查局（FBI）访问时说，他曾看到一个大型圆形飞行器从地面上方升起。另有2023年9月和10月的访谈记录，一些美国公民表示，他们看到金属物体悬浮在空中，并从强光中显现出来。

circular /ˈsɜːkjʊlə/ 1）作形容词，表示“圆形的”，英文解释为“Something that is circular is shaped like a circle.”如：a circular hole 圆洞。

2）表示“（旅行或路线）环行的”，英文解释为“A circular journey or route is one in which you go to a place and return by a different route.”举个🌰：Both sides of the river can be explored on this circular walk. 沿着这条环形步行道走，河的两边就都可以看得到了。

3）表示“循环论证的；迂回而无效的”，英文解释为“A circular argument is one that keeps returning to the same points and is not effective.”

4）作名词，表示“（同时发给很多人的）通知，通报，传单”，英文解释为“A circular is an official letter or advertisement that is sent to a large number of people at the same time.”举个🌰：The proposal has been widely publicized in press information circulars sent to 2,345 newspapers. 通过向2345份报纸发送新闻通告，这项提议得到了广泛地宣传。

Congressman Tim Burchett, a Republican from Tennessee, has previously advocated for more governmental transparency on UFO sightings. He welcomed the Pentagon's release of the files, calling it a "great start" in a post on X.

田纳西州共和党众议员蒂姆·伯切特（Tim Burchett）一直主张，政府应增加UFO目击事件的透明度。他乐见五角大楼公开这批文件，并在X平台发文称这是“很好的开始”。

advocate /ˈæd.və.keɪt/ 作动词，表示“主张；拥护；支持；提倡”，英文解释为“to publicly support or suggest an idea, development, or way of doing something”举个🌰：She advocates taking a more long-term view. 她主张把目光放得更长远一些。

作名词，1）表示“拥护者；支持者；提倡者；主张人”，英文解释为“An advocate of a particular action or plan is someone who recommends it publicly.”如：an advocate for hospital workers 医院工作人员的支持者。

2）表示“为 (某团体) 谋利益者”，英文解释为“An advocate for a particular group is a person who works for the interests of that group.”如：advocates for the homeless 为无家可归者谋利益的人。

3）表示“辩护律师”，英文解释为“An advocate is a lawyer who speaks in favour of someone or defends them in a court of law.”

Republican Anna Paulina Luna, a congresswoman from Florida, also advocates for transparency on this issue. She called the disclosure "a massive first step in the right direction" in a statement.

佛罗里达州共和党籍众议员安娜·保利娜·卢纳（Anna Paulina Luna）也支持提高透明度。她在一份声明中说，这次公开文件是“朝正确方向迈出的重大第一步”。

disclosure表示“透露的信息；公开，透露，披露”，英文解释为“a secret that someone tells people, or the act of telling this secret”

However, former Congresswoman Marjorie Taylor Greene, a onetime Trump ally who has fallen out with the president and left Congress, said the release was a distraction from more pressing issues facing Americans, such as price affordability and the war in Iran.

不过，特朗普前盟友、前众议员玛乔丽·泰勒·格林（Marjorie Taylor Greene）表示，这次公开文件是在转移视线，分散民众对美国人所面对更迫切问题的注意，例如物价过高和伊朗战争。

distraction /dɪˈstræk.ʃən/ 表示“分心的事；分散注意力的东西”，英文解释为“something that prevents someone from giving their attention to something else”举个🌰：I can turn the television off if you find it a distraction. 如果你觉得电视让你思想无法集中，我可以关掉。

"I'm so sick of the 'look at the shiny object' propaganda," Greene said in a post on X.

格林在X平台发文说：“我真是受够了这种‘快看那个闪亮东西’的宣传伎俩。”

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