新加坡将鞭刑加入校园反霸凌新规

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🤔️小作业：

1. According to the article, which of the following is a condition for caning to be applied?

A. The student must be at least 12 years old.

B. The principal must personally administer the caning.

C. All other disciplinary measures have failed.

D. The bullying must involve physical violence.

无注释原文：

Singapore introduces caning for boys who bully others at school

From: The Guardian

Male school students who bully others, including through cyberbullying, will face caning as a “last resort” under new guidelines introduced in Singapore.

Male students can face up to three strokes of the cane under the new rules, which were discussed in parliament on Tuesday.

International groups such as Unicef, the UN’s agency for children, oppose the use of corporal punishment for children, saying it harms their physical and mental health, and increases behavioural problems over time.

The education minister, Desmond Lee, told lawmakers that caning would only be applied “if all the other measures are inadequate, given the gravity of the misconduct”.

“They follow strict protocols to ensure safety for the student. For instance, caning must be approved by the principal and administered only by authorised teachers,” he said.

“Schools will consider factors such as the maturity of the student and if caning will help the student learn from his mistake and understand the gravity of what he has done.”

The measures follow a year-long review that focused on bullying, and come after several high-profile school bullying incidents drew public attention last year.

Caning will only be used as a punishment for male students in upper primary levels (age 9-12 years) and above, said Lee, who pointed to the country’s criminal procedure code, which prohibits the caning of women.

After the caning is imposed, the school would “monitor the student’s wellbeing and progress”, including providing counselling, Lee said.

Female students, he said, would receive punishments “such as detention and/or suspension, adjustment of their conduct grade and other school-based consequences”.

Judicial caning, first introduced by British colonialists in the 19th century, continues to be used in Singapore for male offenders under 50. This includes crimes such as robbery, scamming or overstaying a visa by 90 days.

A report released by the World Health Organization last year said that corporal punishment remained “alarmingly widespread” globally, adding that it caused significant harm to children’s health and development.

Globally, an estimated 1.2 billion children aged 0-18 years are subjected to corporal punishment at home each year, according to WHO.

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注：完整题目见本文开头；中文文本为AI翻译，仅供参考

含注释全文：

Singapore introduces caning for boys who bully others at school

From: The Guardian

Male school students who bully others, including through cyberbullying, will face caning as a “last resort” under new guidelines introduced in Singapore.

新加坡出台新指南：欺凌他人（包括网络欺凌）的男学生，在万不得已的情况下，将面临鞭刑。

bully /ˈbʊl.i/ 作名词，表示“恃强凌弱者，以大欺小者”，英文解释为“someone who hurts or frightens someone else, often over a period of time, and often forcing them to do something that they do not want to do”举个🌰：You're just a big bully! 你欺负人！

bully作动词，表示“伤害；胁迫；欺负，欺凌”，英文解释为“to hurt or frighten someone who is smaller or less powerful than you, often forcing that person to do something they do not want to do”举个🌰：Our survey indicates that one in four children is bullied at school. 我们的调查表明，有四分之一的孩子在学校受人欺负。

表示“网络欺凌”，英文解释为“someone who uses the internet to harm or frighten another person, especially by sending them unpleasant messages”

caning /ˈkeɪ.nɪŋ/ 表示“鞭打；鞭笞”，英文解释为“the act of hitting someone with a stick as a punishment”举个🌰：He never forgot the humiliation he felt at his first school caning. 他从未忘记第一次在学校挨鞭子时所感受到的羞辱。

Male students can face up to three strokes of the cane under the new rules, which were discussed in parliament on Tuesday.

根据新规，男学生最多可被鞭打三下，该规定于周二在议会进行了讨论。

stroke /strəʊk/ 1）表示“中风”，英文解释为“a sudden change in the blood supply to a part of the brain, sometimes causing a loss of the ability to move particular parts of the body”举个🌰：She suffered/had a stroke that left her unable to speak. 她中风了，不能开口说话。

2）表示“（使用武器的）击，打”，英文解释为“an act of hitting someone with a weapon”举个🌰：The punishment was 20 strokes of the lash. 惩罚是被抽20下鞭子。

cane /keɪn/ 表示“（旧时用于惩罚学生的）笞杖，笞条，藤条”，英文解释为“a long, thin stick used, especially in the past, to punish someone by hitting them”

International groups such as Unicef, the UN's agency for children, oppose the use of corporal punishment for children, saying it harms their physical and mental health, and increases behavioural problems over time.

联合国儿童基金会（Unicef）等国际组织反对对儿童使用体罚，称这会损害他们的身心健康，并随着时间的推移加剧行为性问题。

corporal /ˈkɔː.pər.əl/ 表示“身体的，肉体的”，英文解释为“of or relating to the body”

The education minister, Desmond Lee, told lawmakers that caning would only be applied “if all the other measures are inadequate, given the gravity of the misconduct”.

教育部长德斯蒙德·李（Desmond Lee）向立法者表示，鞭刑只会在“考虑到不当行为的严重性，所有其他措施都不足以应对时”才实施。

gravity /ˈɡræv.ə.ti/ 1）常见含义表示“重力；地球引力”，英文解释为“the force that attracts objects in space towards each other, and that on the earth pulls them towards the centre of the planet, so that things fall to the ground when they are dropped”如：the laws of gravity 万有引力定律，物理课上学的g=9.8还是g=10你还记得吗？

🎬电影《星际迷航》（Star Trek）中的台词提到：Captain, we're caught in the gravity well. It's got us. 舰长 我们被引力井吸住了，它吸住我们了。

2）表示“严重性”，英文解释为“extreme importance and a cause for worry”，可以替换seriousness，举个🌰：Punishment varies according to the gravity of the offence. 处罚根据罪行的严重程度而有所不同。

3）表示“严肃；庄严”，英文解释为“serious behaviour, speech or appearance”举个🌰：They were asked to behave with the gravity that was appropriate in a court of law. 他们被要求在法庭上表现出应有的严肃态度。

misconduct /ˌmɪsˈkɒn.dʌkt/ 表示“失职；处理不当；行为不端”，英文解释为“unacceptable behaviour, especially by a professional person”如：gross misconduct = very serious misconduct 严重失职，professional misconduct 玩忽职守。

📍conduct作名词，表示“行为，举止”（a person's behaviour in a particular place or in a particular situation）如：优良作风 fine conduct或者说excellent conduct，2020年政府工作报告Part 2中提到的加强党风廉政建设 improve Party conduct and build a clean government.

📺美剧《芝加哥警署》（Chicago P.D.）中的台词提到：I could have you arrested for official misconduct. 我可以以渎职罪逮捕你。

“They follow strict protocols to ensure safety for the student. For instance, caning must be approved by the principal and administered only by authorised teachers,” he said.

“他们遵循严格的程序以确保学生的安全。例如，鞭刑必须得到校长的批准，并且只能由授权的教师执行，”他说。

protocol /ˈprəʊ.tə.kɒl/ 1）表示“规程，协议（计算机之间交换信息的计算机语言）”，英文解释为“a computer language allowing computers that are connected to each other to communicate”

2）表示“礼仪；外交礼节”，英文解释为“a system of fixed rules and formal behaviour used at official meetings, usually between governments”如：a breach of protocol 违反外交礼节。

3）表示“（正式的国际性）条约，公约，议定书”，英文解释为“a formal international agreement”举个🌰：The Geneva Protocol of 1925 prohibits the use of poisonous gases in war. 1925年通过的《日内瓦公约》禁止在战争中使用有毒气体。

4）表示“科学实验计划；医疗方案”，英文解释a plan for performing a scientific experiment or medical treatment”

administration应该都不陌生，administer /ədˈmɪn.ɪ.stər/ 作动词，用来表示“管理，治理”（to manage the work or money of a company or organization），或者是表示“执行，实施；给予”，英文解释为“to provide or organize something officially as part of your job”举个🌰：It is not the job of the police to administer justice; that falls to the courts. 司法不是警方的职责，而是法院的职责。

还有熟词僻义，指的是“施用（药物），给予（治疗），派发（药物）”，英文解释为“to give someone a medicine or medical treatment”举个🌰：Painkillers were administered to the boy. 已给那个男孩服了止痛药。

“Schools will consider factors such as the maturity of the student and if caning will help the student learn from his mistake and understand the gravity of what he has done.”

“学校会考虑学生的成熟度等因素，以及鞭刑是否有助于学生从错误中吸取教训，并认识到自己行为的严重性。”

maturity /məˈtʃʊə.rə.ti/ 1）表示“发育成熟，长成”，英文解释为“the state of being completely grown physically”举个🌰：How long does it take for the chicks to grow to maturity? 小鸡多长时间才能长大？

2）表示“（心智）成熟；成熟阶段；完善的状态”，英文解释为“the quality of behaving mentally and emotionally like an adult；a very advanced or developed form or state”

3）表示“（保险合同或投资）到期，开始有回报”，英文解释为“the time when an insurance agreement or investment becomes ready to be paid”举个🌰：The investment reaches maturity after ten years. 这项投资10年后开始获得回报。

The measures follow a year-long review that focused on bullying, and come after several high-profile school bullying incidents drew public attention last year.

去年，几起备受关注的校园欺凌事件引发了公众关注。在随后进行的长达一年的专项审查之后，新加坡出台了上述措施。

Caning will only be used as a punishment for male students in upper primary levels (age 9-12 years) and above, said Lee, who pointed to the country's criminal procedure code, which prohibits the caning of women.

德斯蒙德·李表示，鞭刑只适用于小学高年级（9-12岁）及以上的男学生，他援引了该国的刑事诉讼法，该法禁止对女性实施鞭刑。

code表示“法典，法规；行为准则，道德规范”，英文解释为“a set of rules, laws, or principles that tell people how to behave”如：fire code可以解释为消防规范，消防法规，highway code （英国）交通规则。

After the caning is imposed, the school would “monitor the student's wellbeing and progress”, including providing counselling, Lee said.

德斯蒙德·李说，在实施鞭刑后，学校将“监测学生的身心健康和行为表现”，包括提供心理辅导。

impose /ɪmˈpəʊz/ 1）表示“推行；强制实行”，英文解释为“to officially force a rule, tax, punishment, etc. to be obeyed or received”举个🌰：Very high taxes have recently been imposed on cigarettes. 最近对香烟开征很高的税。

📍《经济学人》（The Economist）一篇分析Biden贸易政策的文章中提到：The other matter is what Mr Biden will do with the tariffs imposed by Mr Trump. 另一件事是Biden将如何处理Trump实施的关税。

2）表示“把（尤指信仰或生活方式）强加于”，英文解释为“to force someone to accept something, especially a belief or way of living”举个🌰：I don't want them to impose their religious beliefs on my children. 我不希望他们把自己的宗教信仰强加给我的孩子们。

3）表示“勉强；打扰，麻烦”，英文解释为“to expect someone to do something for you or spend time with you when they do not want to or when it is not convenient for them”举个🌰：She's always imposing on people - asking favours and getting everyone to do things for her. 她总是强人所难——要人帮忙做这做那。

英式 counselling /ˈkaʊn.səl.ɪŋ/ 美式 counseling 表示“咨询；辅导；咨询服务”，英文解释为“the job or process of listening to someone and giving that person advice about their problems”如：a counselling service 咨询服务。

counsel /ˈkaʊnsəl/ 可以作名词也可以作动词，表示“建议；提议；劝告，忠告”，英文解释为“If you counsel someone to take a course of action, or if you counsel a course of action, you advise that course of action.”举个🌰：My advisers counselled me to do nothing. 我的顾问建议我不要做任何事情。

📍《经济学人》（The Economist）一篇讲述疫情期间送货上门服务的文章中提到：During the epidemic the firm has offered free online counselling to riders. 疫情期间这家公司为骑手提供了免费在线咨询。

counsel 作名词还可以表示“（参与案件的）律师”，英文解释为“one or more of the lawyers taking part in a legal case”举个🌰：The judge addressed counsel. 法官向律师问了话。

Female students, he said, would receive punishments “such as detention and/or suspension, adjustment of their conduct grade and other school-based consequences”.

他说，女学生将受到“诸如留校和/或停学、调整行为等级以及其他校内惩戒措施”等处罚。

detention /dɪˈten.ʃən/ 1）表示“拘留，关押”，英文解释为“the act of officially detaining someone”举个🌰：Concern has been expressed about the death in detention of a number of political prisoners. 人们对一些政治犯在关押期间死去表示关注。

2）表示“（作为惩罚）放学后留校”，英文解释为“a form of punishment in which children are made to stay at school for a short time after classes have ended”举个🌰：She's had four detentions this term. 这学期她4次被罚课后留下。

suspension /səˈspen.ʃən/ 1）表示“暂停，中止”，英文解释为“the act of stopping something happening, operating, etc. for a period of time”

2）表示“（作为处罚的）暂令停职；暂令停学；暂令停止活动”，英文解释为“a punishment in which a person is temporarily not allowed to work, go to school, or take part in an activity”

3）表示“（车辆的）悬架，减震装置”，英文解释为“equipment attached to the wheels of a vehicle that reduces the uncomfortable effects of going over road surfaces that are not even”

Judicial caning, first introduced by British colonialists in the 19th century, continues to be used in Singapore for male offenders under 50. This includes crimes such as robbery, scamming or overstaying a visa by 90 days.

司法鞭刑最初由英国殖民者在19世纪引入，如今在新加坡仍用于50岁以下的男性罪犯，涵盖抢劫、诈骗或逾期居留签证90天等罪行。

judicial /dʒuːˈdɪʃ.əl/ 表示“司法的；审判的”，英文解释为“Judicial means relating to the legal system and to judgments made in a court of law.”如：an independent judicial system 一个独立的司法体系。

colonialist /kəˈləʊ.ni.ə.lɪst/ 表示“殖民主义者”，英文解释为“a supporter of colonialism”

offender /əˈfen.dər/ 表示“犯罪者；违法者；罪犯”，英文解释为“An offender is a person who has committed a crime.” 还可以指“制造麻烦者; 造成麻烦之物”（a person or thing that does sth wrong）

A report released by the World Health Organization last year said that corporal punishment remained “alarmingly widespread” globally, adding that it caused significant harm to children's health and development.

世界卫生组织去年发布的一份报告称，体罚在全球仍“惊人地普遍”，并指出它对儿童的健康和发展造成了重大伤害。

Globally, an estimated 1.2 billion children aged 0-18 years are subjected to corporal punishment at home each year, according to WHO.

根据世界卫生组织的数据，全球每年估计有12亿0至18岁的儿童在家中遭受体罚。

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