“肥胖标准的重要更新”引热议,网友:更适合中国宝宝体质
你还在和自己的体重较劲吗?到底多瘦才算瘦……
最近,话题“肥胖标准的重要更新”登上热搜,引发网友广泛互动。
不少人一直觉得通用BMI体重判定标准不够贴合自身,有可能是因为原先的评估标准并不适配亚裔人种的身体指标。
体重指数(BMI)= 体重(千克)/身高(米)²
美国糖尿病协会(American Diabetes Association,ADA)在近日的学术会议上正式更新不同的种族诊断标准,核心变化就是针对不同族群划分了专属BMI阈值。
结合亚裔人群内脏脂肪占比更高、相关健康风险更早出现的体质特点,新标准专门下调了亚裔的BMI判定线:BMI≥23 kg/m²即为脂肪超标,≥27.5 kg/m²可确诊肥胖;而非亚裔人群沿用的原有标准,分别为25 kg/m²、30 kg/m²。
The American Diabetes Association (ADA) recently held an academic conference and rolled out updated medical recommendations.
Revised health guidelines now adopt differentiated BMI criteria for different ethnic groups. Many people have long found the one-size-fits-all BMI standards inaccurate for themselves, and the new rules target this issue.
非亚裔 / 亚裔人群超重、肥胖诊断标准对照表 图源:美国糖尿病协会
综合评估肥胖
还要看腰围和腰高比
单独使用BMI指数评估自身是否肥胖存在缺陷,指南要求结合腰围、腰高比等开展综合诊断:以腰高比≥0.5这一统一标准,作为中心性肥胖的判定红线;同时,女性腰围≥88 cm/男性≥102 cm(亚裔为女性≥80 cm/男性≥90 cm),也可作为一个判定标准;最后,肌肉发达者还需补充体成分检测,以此减少漏诊与误判。
BMI alone has obvious limitations. The guideline requires combined diagnosis with waist circumference and waist-to-height ratio.
A waist-to-height ratio of 0.5 or above is universally defined as the warning line for central obesity. Specific waist circumference standards for different groups are also set. Body composition tests are suggested for muscular people to avoid missed or wrong diagnosis.
circumference /səˈkʌmfərəns/ n.周长;围度
常用搭配:waist circumference 腰围
如何测量腰围?
测量腰围时,需在空腹、平静呼气末进行,软尺水平环绕髂嵴上缘(腰两侧骨头最高点),紧贴皮肤但不勒压软组织,读数精确到0.1厘米,全程保持软尺与地面平行,避免衣物遮挡影响结果。
To measure waist circumference correctly: Do it on an empty stomach at the end of a gentle breath out. Wrap a soft tape measure horizontally around the upper iliac crest (the top of the hip bones), snug against the skin without squeezing the tissue, and read to the nearest 0.1 cm. Keep the tape parallel to the floor and avoid bulky clothing that may affect the reading.
多久进行一次BMI筛查?
会议提出,所有成年人每年至少接受一次BMI筛查,并提到一个高风险预警阈值:在超过3年的时间里,如果体重持续每年增加1至1.5公斤(1–1.5 kg/year),则未来患肥胖及其相关并发症的风险会显著升高。
All adults are required to take a BMI screening at least once a year. Early intervention should be adopted for those who steadily gain 1 to 1.5 kilograms per year for consecutive years.
如何科学管理体重?
老人说的吃好睡好就完成了减肥的一半,或许真的有几分道理。
那么,如何科学管理体重呢?
Many people struggle with cravings while trying to lose weight. Yet proper diet, sleep and lifestyle form the core of effective weight control. Below are evidence-based suggestions.
①饮食方面
日常饮食可减少精制碳水、高糖高脂食物,适当增加优质蛋白与膳食纤维,坚持少食多餐、每餐七分饱。
②运动方面
建议每周完成150分钟以上中等强度有氧运动,并搭配2至3次力量训练,根据自身情况逐步提升运动强度。
③睡眠方面
要保证充足睡眠,每日睡眠不足6小时会打乱体内激素水平,使肥胖风险提升30%。
此外,压力会刺激皮质醇分泌,大家可通过冥想、瑜伽、与人沟通等方式舒缓情绪,切勿借助暴饮暴食排解压力。
Cut refined carbs, sugar and fat, and eat more protein and fiber. Do over 150 minutes of moderate aerobic exercise weekly with strength training. Less than six hours of sleep raises obesity risk by 30 percent. Stress triggers the secretion of cortisol. Relieve stress properly and avoid emotional eating.
cortisol /ˈkɔːrtɪsɔːl/ n. 皮质醇(压力荷尔蒙)
美国糖尿病协会将肥胖归于慢性异质性疾病,脂肪过度堆积会显著提升患病与死亡风险。
Obesity is a chronic and heterogeneous disease. Excess body fat will greatly increase the risks of illness and mortality.
了解完肥胖标准的重要更新,屏幕前的你准备好科学管理身材了吗?
只有身体健康,才能继续心怀远方。
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