国际奥委会暂时解除对俄罗斯奥委会的禁令

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🤔️小作业：

1. According to the passage, which of the following statements is true about the reaction to the IOC's decision?

A. Ukraine's sports minister supported the decision because the war situation improved.

B. World Athletics immediately followed the IOC's guidance to reintegrate Russian athletes.

C. Russian athletes may face visa problems when traveling to some countries for events.

D. FIFA and UEFA have already allowed Russia to participate in the World Cup again.

无注释原文：

IOC eases path toward Russia returning with full team at 2028 LA Olympics

From: AP NEWS

Russia has moved closer toward having a full team with its national flag and anthem at the 2028 Los Angeles Olympics.

The International Olympic Committee on Tuesday provisionally lifted a suspension of the Russian Olympic Committee and advised Olympic sports bodies to end a three-year program where Russian athletes had to be vetted for permission to compete as neutrals.

The IOC said the timing was because qualifying events are starting for the L.A. Games, and “the need to offer equal access to these competitions to all athletes.”

The move, which also signals a return for Russia in team sports, had been expected since the IOC advised two months ago that athletes from Belarus, which was Russia's ally when its military invasion of Ukraine started in 2022, should be allowed again to compete with their full national identity.

“We don't want to hold athletes accountable for the actions of their governments,” IOC president Kirsty Coventry said at an online news conference after she chaired an executive board meeting.

A two-time Olympic gold medalist swimming for Zimbabwe, Coventry said it was a fair decision and noted: “I wouldn't be sitting here if I had to pay the price when my country was going through things and being sanctioned.”

Ukraine's sports minister Matvii Bidnyi questioned why the IOC altered its rules when in the war “nothing changed. The situation became even worse.”

Russia unleashed waves of missiles and drones at Ukraine early Monday, killing at least 22 people.

“So we don't understand it,” Bidnyi told The Associated Press in an interview Tuesday. “In this day, when all of Ukraine (is) in a day of mourning, when our flags was a little bit lower because of so many people, our peaceful citizens was killed yesterday at night.”

The IOC also reiterated its “solidarity with the Olympic community of Ukraine” and ongoing financial support.

The IOC's guidance to reintegrate Russians in international events is not binding for the governing bodies of individual sports.

“Our country's return to the Olympic family is a green light for international federations to restore the rights of our athletes,” Russian Sports Minister Mikhail Degtyaryov said Tuesday.

Track and field is not following suit.

Asked about the IOC's decision, World Athletics referred the AP to its decision last week maintaining a ban on Russian and Belarusian athletes in its international events.

In soccer, FIFA and European body UEFA have continued to exclude Russia in competitions such as the World Cup and Champions League, avoiding likely chaos because teams from other countries would refused to play those games.

Russian athletes and teams likely will face issues getting entry visas from some countries hosting sports events.

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注：完整题目见本文开头；中文文本为AI翻译，仅供参考

含注释全文：

IOC eases path toward Russia returning with full team at 2028 LA Olympics

From: AP NEWS

Russia has moved closer toward having a full team with its national flag and anthem at the 2028 Los Angeles Olympics.

俄罗斯距离在2028年洛杉矶奥运会上以完整阵容亮相、国旗飘扬、国歌奏响的目标，已近在咫尺。

anthem /ˈænθəm/ 表示“国歌；（团体组织的）颂歌，赞歌”，英文解释为“a song which has a special importance for a country, an organization, or a particular group of people and is sung on special occasions”举个🌰：The European anthem was played at the opening ceremony. 欧洲颂歌在开幕式上演奏。

The International Olympic Committee on Tuesday provisionally lifted a suspension of the Russian Olympic Committee and advised Olympic sports bodies to end a three-year program where Russian athletes had to be vetted for permission to compete as neutrals.

周二，国际奥委会（IOC）临时解除了对俄罗斯奥委会（Russian Olympic Committee）的禁令，并建议各奥林匹克体育机构终止一项为期三年的审查计划。此前，俄罗斯运动员必须通过该计划的审核，才能以中立身份获准参赛。

形容词provisional，表示“临时的，暂时的，暂定的”，英文解释为“likely or able to be changed in the future”副词provisionally，举个🌰：We accept provisional bookings by phone. 我们接受电话临时预约。

suspension /səˈspen.ʃən/ 1）表示“暂停，中止”，英文解释为“the act of stopping something happening, operating, etc. for a period of time”

2）表示“（作为处罚的）暂令停职；暂令停学；暂令停止活动”，英文解释为“a punishment in which a person is temporarily not allowed to work, go to school, or take part in an activity”

3）表示“（车辆的）悬架，减震装置”，英文解释为“equipment attached to the wheels of a vehicle that reduces the uncomfortable effects of going over road surfaces that are not even”

vet /vet/ 作名词，表示“兽医”，英文解释为“a person with a medical degree trained to take care of the health of animals”

作动词，表示“审查，检查”，英文解释为“to examine something or someone carefully to make certain that they are acceptable or suitable”举个🌰：The bank carefully vets everyone who applies for an account. 银行对每个申请开通账户的人都进行仔细的审核。

neutral /ˈnuː.trəl/ 作形容词，表示“中立的，不偏不倚的”，英文解释为“not saying or doing anything that would encourage or help any of the groups involved in an argument or war”举个🌰：It's important that I remain neutral. 我保持中立是很重要的。

作名词，表示“中立者”，英文解释为“a neutral person or thing”举个🌰：Sweden and Switzerland were neutrals during the war. 在战争期间，瑞典和瑞士是中立国。

The IOC said the timing was because qualifying events are starting for the L.A. Games, and “the need to offer equal access to these competitions to all athletes.”

国际奥委会表示，之所以选择这个时间点，是因为洛杉矶奥运会的资格赛即将拉开帷幕，并且“需要确保所有运动员都能平等地参与这些比赛”。

The move, which also signals a return for Russia in team sports, had been expected since the IOC advised two months ago that athletes from Belarus, which was Russia's ally when its military invasion of Ukraine started in 2022, should be allowed again to compete with their full national identity.

这一决定也意味着俄罗斯将重返团体运动赛场。早在两个月前，国际奥委会就曾建议允许白俄罗斯运动员以完整的国家身份参赛——白俄罗斯在2022年俄罗斯军事入侵乌克兰时是俄罗斯的盟友——因此，此举早已在预料之中。

ally /ˈæl.aɪ/ 表示“（尤指战时的）同盟国，盟友”，英文解释为“a country that has agreed officially to give help and support to another one, especially during a war”举个🌰：The US is one of Britain's staunchest allies. 美国是英国最忠实的盟友之一。

📍the Allies 特指“（第二次世界大战期间的）同盟国”，英文解释为“the countries, including the US, the UK, the USSR, and France, that fought against the Axis countries in the Second World War”

invasion /ɪnˈveɪ.ʒən/ 1）表示“入侵，侵略”，英文解释为“an occasion when an army or country uses force to enter and take control of another country”举个🌰：They were planning to mount an invasion of the north of the country. 他们正计划发动对该国北部的侵略。

2）表示“（通常为了谋财或搞破坏而不受欢迎地）涌入，蜂拥而入”，英文解释为“an occasion when a large number of people or things come to a place in an annoying and unwanted way”如：the annual invasion of foreign tourists 每年外国游客的涌入。

“We don't want to hold athletes accountable for the actions of their governments,” IOC president Kirsty Coventry said at an online news conference after she chaired an executive board meeting.

“我们不愿让运动员为各自政府的行为买单，”国际奥委会主席柯斯蒂·考文垂（Kirsty Coventry）在主持完执行委员会会议后，于一场线上新闻发布会上如是说。

accountable /əˈkaʊn.tə.bəl/ 表示“应负责任的；应作解释的；应加以说明的；（对自己的决定、行为）负有责任，有说明义务”，英文解释为“Someone who is accountable is completely responsible for what they do and must be able to give a satisfactory reason for it.”举个🌰：She is accountable only to the managing director. 她只对总裁负责。

📍《经济学人》（The Economist）一篇讲述商业软件公司SAP的文章中提到：“COUNT ON US, hold us accountable and together we will reinvent the way businesses run.”“信赖我们，向我们问责，齐心协力，我们将重塑公司的运营方式。”

A two-time Olympic gold medalist swimming for Zimbabwe, Coventry said it was a fair decision and noted: “I wouldn't be sitting here if I had to pay the price when my country was going through things and being sanctioned.”

曾代表津巴布韦两度摘得奥运游泳金牌的考文垂认为，这是一个公平的决定。她坦言：“如果我的国家在经历动荡和遭受制裁时，我必须为此付出代价，那我今天就不会坐在这里了。”

sanction /ˈsæŋk.ʃən/ 1）常见含义表示“制裁”，英文解释为“an official order, such as the stopping of trade, that is taken against a country in order to make it obey international law”举个🌰：Many nations have imposed sanctions on the country. 许多国家都对其进行制裁。

2）表示“（为维护法律或规定而采取的）强硬措施;（对违反法律或规定者进行的）惩罚，处罚”，英文解释为“a strong action taken in order to make people obey a law or rule, or a punishment given when they do not obey”举个🌰：Without realistic sanctions, some teachers have difficulty keeping order in the classroom. 没有切实可行的处罚措施，有些教师难以维持课堂秩序。

3）可以作动词也可以作名词，表示“批准；认可”，英文解释为“If someone in authority sanctions an action or practice, they officially approve of it and allow it to be done.”如：sanction the use of force 批准使用武力。

Ukraine's sports minister Matvii Bidnyi questioned why the IOC altered its rules when in the war “nothing changed. The situation became even worse.”

乌克兰体育部长马特维·比德尼（Matvii Bidnyi）质疑道，战争“毫无改观，局势反而愈发恶化”，国际奥委会为何要在这个时候解除禁令。

Russia unleashed waves of missiles and drones at Ukraine early Monday, killing at least 22 people.

周一凌晨，俄罗斯向乌克兰发动了多轮导弹和无人机袭击，导致至少22人丧生。

unleash /ʌnˈliːʃ/ 表示“突然释放；使爆发”，英文解释为“to suddenly release a violent force that cannot be controlled”举个🌰：At worst, nuclear war could be unleashed. 最坏的情况是，可能会爆发核战争。

“So we don't understand it,” Bidnyi told The Associated Press in an interview Tuesday. “In this day, when all of Ukraine (is) in a day of mourning, when our flags was a little bit lower because of so many people, our peaceful citizens was killed yesterday at night.”

“所以我们无法理解，”比德尼在周二接受美联社采访时说。“就在今天，整个乌克兰都笼罩在哀悼之中，我们的国旗因无数逝者而低垂，我们无辜的平民在昨夜惨遭杀害。”

The IOC also reiterated its “solidarity with the Olympic community of Ukraine” and ongoing financial support.

国际奥委会还重申“坚定地与乌克兰奥林匹克团体站在一起”，并表示将持续提供经济援助。

reiterate /riˈɪt.ər.eɪt/ 表示“反复地说，反复讲；重申”，英文解释为“to say something again, once or several times”举个🌰：She reiterated that she had never seen him before. 她一再重申自己以前从未见过他。

solidarity /ˌsɒlɪˈdærɪtɪ/ 表示“团结一致；相互支持”，英文解释为“If a group of people show solidarity, they show support for each other or for another group, especially in political or international affairs.”

The IOC's guidance to reintegrate Russians in international events is not binding for the governing bodies of individual sports.

国际奥委会关于让俄罗斯运动员重返国际赛场的指导意见，对各单项体育管理机构而言，并不具备强制约束力。

binding /ˈbaɪn.dɪŋ/ 表示“（尤指协议）必须遵守的，有约束力的”，英文解释为“(especially of an agreement) that cannot be legally avoided or stopped”如：a binding agreement 必须遵守的协定。

“Our country's return to the Olympic family is a green light for international federations to restore the rights of our athletes,” Russian Sports Minister Mikhail Degtyaryov said Tuesday.

“我国重返奥林匹克大家庭，为各国际体育联合会恢复我国运动员的权利亮起了绿灯，”俄罗斯体育部长米哈伊尔·德格佳廖夫（Mikhail Degtyaryov）周二表示。

Track and field is not following suit.

田径项目并未随之而动。

track and field /ˌtræk ən ˈfiːld/ 表示“田径运动”，英文解释为“the general name for a particular group of sports in which people compete, including running, jumping, and throwing”举个🌰：The team had no chance of striking gold in track and field. 这支队伍中无人有机会在田径赛场上拿金牌。

对比：

📍athletics /æθˈlet̬.ɪks/ 表示“田径运动”，英文解释为“the general name for a particular group of sports in which people compete, including running, jumping, and throwing”如：an athletics team/club/meeting 田径队/俱乐部/运动会。

表示“仿效”，英文解释为“to do the same thing as someone else”举个🌰：When one airline reduces its prices, the rest soon follow suit. 一家航空公司降价，其余的会很快纷纷仿效。

Asked about the IOC's decision, World Athletics referred the AP to its decision last week maintaining a ban on Russian and Belarusian athletes in its international events.

当被问及国际奥委会的决定时，世界田联（World Athletics）请美联社参考其上周的声明——该声明维持了对俄罗斯和白俄罗斯运动员参加其国际赛事的禁令。

In soccer, FIFA and European body UEFA have continued to exclude Russia in competitions such as the World Cup and Champions League, avoiding likely chaos because teams from other countries would refused to play those games.

在足球领域，国际足联（FIFA）和欧洲足联（UEFA）继续将俄罗斯排除在世界杯和欧冠联赛等赛事之外，从而避免了可能出现的混乱局面——因为其他国家的球队会拒绝与俄罗斯队同场竞技。

1）表示“排除…；不考虑…；认为…不可能”，英文解释为“to decide that something is not true or possible”举个🌰：We can't exclude the possibility that he is dead. 我们不能排除他已经死亡的可能性。

2）表示“阻止…进入；把…排斥在外”，英文解释为“to prevent someone or something from entering a place or taking part in an activity”举个🌰：Microbes must, as far as possible, be excluded from the room during an operation. 在手术过程中，要尽可能防止细菌进入手术室。

🎬电影《简·爱》（Jane Eyre）中的台词提到：Children, I exhort you to shun her, exclude her, shut her out from this day forth. 孩子们，奉劝你们离她远点，排斥她，从今天起与她隔绝。

Russian athletes and teams likely will face issues getting entry visas from some countries hosting sports events.

俄罗斯运动员和团队在申请一些赛事主办国的入境签证时，可能会面临重重障碍。

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