新研究证实睡眠不足会发胖
LearnAndRecord约 12 分钟🤔️小作业：
1. According to the article, what is a key difference between this study and previous research on sleep and weight?
A. This study was conducted in a controlled laboratory environment.
B. This study involved a more severe reduction in sleep duration.
C. This study lasted longer and used milder sleep restrictions.
D. This study focused exclusively on men and postmenopausal women.
无注释原文：
Just getting 90 minutes less sleep could lead to weight gain
From: Scientific American
Less time sleeping may mean more time sitting down—and more weight gained, according to a new study.
The research, published in Annals of Internal Medicine on Monday, found that getting just 90 minutes less sleep each night for six weeks led study participants to sit around more and gain weight.
This study included 95 people who typically slept seven or eight hours each night. After the six weeks of sleep deprivation, however, the participants had gained about a pound, on average, and their sedentary time had increased by an average of 17 minutes. Men and postmenopausal women became the most sedentary, spending an average of 30 extra minutes sitting each day.
This isn't the first time researchers have connected sleep to weight, and particularly to obesity. In fact, not getting enough shut-eye is linked to increased risk of cardiovascular disease and other health problems, and more sedentary people are also at higher risk for chronic diseases. But many previous studies exploring sleep and weight have been conducted in labs—meaning they often take place over just a few days—and have involved far more drastic reductions in sleep, such as allowing participants a mere four hours of sleep over three days.
Short sleep-restriction studies don't reflect the effects of chronic behavior that leads to these issues, says Marie-Pierre St-Onge, the study's senior author and a professor of nutritional medicine at Columbia University Irving Medical Center. She argues that a six-week experiment conducted outside the lab and involving milder sleep restrictions is a more accurate representation of the realities of chronic mild sleep deprivation, which roughly 30 percent of adults experience, according to the authors.
“It's a more naturalistic experiment, it more closely aligns with what we see, and it provides a message that's directly applicable to what people actually feel,” she says.
In separate studies involving the same participants, she and her team have found that a decrease in sleep can raise the risk of type 2 diabetes and heart problems among certain groups.
The study stands out because it shows that lack of sleep is both associated with excess weight and that it causes weight gain, says Jean-Philippe Chaput, a senior scientist at the Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, who studies sleep health and obesity and was not involved in this research.
“It shows what we already know in a more robust study design,” Chaput says.
One pound of weight gain over six weeks may not seem like a lot, Chaput adds, but it could become more significant if participants kept the same habits for many more months or years.
St-Onge hopes to focus her future research on potential interventions and the positive impact of getting enough sleep, she says.
“It's easy to say that if you restrict your sleep, you have bad health outcomes. But the goal in life is not to do something bad to see if it has bad outcomes,” she says. “The goal in life is to do something good and then determine if it has healthful outcomes. So I think we should do a lot more of that now that we know that short sleep is not good.”
- ◆ -
注：完整题目见本文开头；中文文本为AI翻译，仅供参考
含注释全文：
Just getting 90 minutes less sleep could lead to weight gain
From: Scientific American
Less time sleeping may mean more time sitting down—and more weight gained, according to a new study.
一项新研究表明，睡眠时间减少可能意味着久坐时间增加，体重也会随之攀升。
The research, published in Annals of Internal Medicine on Monday, found that getting just 90 minutes less sleep each night for six weeks led study participants to sit around more and gain weight.
这项研究于周一发表在《内科学年鉴》（Annals of Internal Medicine）上，发现连续六周每晚仅少睡90分钟，就导致研究参与者久坐时间增加，体重也随之上升。
annals
annal /ˈæn.əl/ 1）通常复数annals，表示“科学期刊”，英文解释为“a serious magazine or newspaper that is published regularly about a scientific subject”举个🌰：The new guidelines are published in today's Annals of Internal Medicine. 新的指南发表在今天的《内科学年鉴》上。
2）表示“（国家、组织、群体的）历史，历史记录”，英文解释为“historical records of the activities of a country, organization, group, etc.； history in general”举个🌰：The signing of the Treaty of Rome was the greatest event in the annals of European integration. 《罗马条约》的签署是欧洲一体化史上最伟大的事件。
3）表示“年鉴；编年史”，英文解释为“a record of the events of one year”
This study included 95 people who typically slept seven or eight hours each night. After the six weeks of sleep deprivation, however, the participants had gained about a pound, on average, and their sedentary time had increased by an average of 17 minutes. Men and postmenopausal women became the most sedentary, spending an average of 30 extra minutes sitting each day.
该研究以95名习惯每晚睡七八个小时的人为对象。然而，在连续六周睡眠不足之后，这些参与者的体重平均增加了约0.45公斤，每天久坐的时间也平均增加了17分钟。其中，男性和已绝经的女性久坐时间增加最为明显，平均每天多坐了30分钟。
deprivation
deprivation /ˌdep.rɪˈveɪ.ʃən/ 表示“缺失，缺乏，匮乏；丧失；剥夺”，英文解释为“a situation in which you do not have things or conditions that are usually considered necessary for a pleasant life”举个🌰：They used sleep deprivation as a form of torture. 他们把不让睡觉作为一种折磨人的手段。
postmenopausal
postmenopausal /ˌpəʊst.men.əˈpɔː.zəl/ 表示“绝经后的”，英文解释为“relating to the time in a woman's life after she stops having periods (= blood flow from her womb each month)”举个🌰：Cutting back on salt was more effective than exercise in reducing blood pressure in postmenopausal women. 对绝经后的妇女来说，降低盐的摄入比运动更能降低血压。
This isn't the first time researchers have connected sleep to weight, and particularly to obesity. In fact, not getting enough shut-eye is linked to increased risk of cardiovascular disease and other health problems, and more sedentary people are also at higher risk for chronic diseases. But many previous studies exploring sleep and weight have been conducted in labs—meaning they often take place over just a few days—and have involved far more drastic reductions in sleep, such as allowing participants a mere four hours of sleep over three days.
研究人员并非首次将睡眠与体重，尤其是肥胖联系起来。事实上，睡眠不足与心血管疾病及其他健康问题的风险升高密切相关，而久坐不动的人群同样面临更高的慢性病风险。不过，此前许多探讨睡眠与体重关系的研究多在实验室环境中进行——通常仅持续数天——且睡眠不足的幅度更为剧烈，例如让参与者在三天内仅睡四个小时。
obesity
obesity /oʊˈbiːsəti/ 表示“肥胖”，英文解释为“the fact of being extremely fat, in a way that is dangerous for health”
📍词根“obes-”来自拉丁语“obesus”，意味着“肥胖的”。近义词：overweight（超重），同根词：obese（肥胖的），常用短语：combat obesity（对抗肥胖症）
shut-eye
shuteye /ˈʃʌt.aɪ/ 表示“睡眠”，英文解释为“sleep”举个🌰：You look exhausted! Try to get some shuteye on the train. 你看起来很疲惫！尽量在火车上睡一会儿吧。
cardiovascular
cardiovascular /ˌkɑːdɪəʊˈvæskjʊlə/ 表示“心血管的”，英文解释为“Cardiovascular means relating to the heart and blood vessels.”举个🌰：Smoking places you at serious risk of cardiovascular and respiratory disease. 吸烟会严重增加罹患心血管和呼吸道疾病的风险。
chronic
chronic /ˈkrɒnɪk/ 1）表示“（疾病）慢性的，长期的”，英文解释为“a chronic disease or illness is one that continues for a long time and cannot be cured”如：chronic arthritis表示“慢性关节炎”。
2）表示“（问题）长期的”，英文解释为“a chronic problem is one that continues for a long time and cannot easily be solved”举个🌰：There is a chronic shortage of teachers. 长期存在师资短缺的问题。
3）还有一种解释是用来形容人“积习难改”，如“长期酗酒/沉迷赌博等的人”我们就可以用chronic alcoholic/gambler表示。
Short sleep-restriction studies don't reflect the effects of chronic behavior that leads to these issues, says Marie-Pierre St-Onge, the study's senior author and a professor of nutritional medicine at Columbia University Irving Medical Center. She argues that a six-week experiment conducted outside the lab and involving milder sleep restrictions is a more accurate representation of the realities of chronic mild sleep deprivation, which roughly 30 percent of adults experience, according to the authors.
该研究的资深作者、哥伦比亚大学欧文医学中心（Columbia University Irving Medical Center）营养医学教授玛丽-皮埃尔·圣翁热（Marie-Pierre St-Onge）指出，短期的睡眠限制研究无法反映导致这些问题的长期行为效应。她认为，在实验室外进行的、睡眠限制程度较为温和的六周实验，更能准确反映慢性轻度睡眠不足的真实状况。该研究作者指出，约30%的成年人存在此类睡眠不足问题。
“It's a more naturalistic experiment, it more closely aligns with what we see, and it provides a message that's directly applicable to what people actually feel,” she says.
她表示：“这是一个更贴近现实的实验，更符合我们日常观察到的现象，并且它所传递的信息，能直接与人们的切身感受产生共鸣。”
In separate studies involving the same participants, she and her team have found that a decrease in sleep can raise the risk of type 2 diabetes and heart problems among certain groups.
在针对同一批参与者的其他研究中，她和她的团队发现，睡眠减少会提升某些人群罹患2型糖尿病和心脏疾病的风险。
diabetes
diabetes /ˌdaɪəˈbiːtɪs, -tiːz/ 表示“糖尿病”，英文解释为“a disease in which the body cannot control the level of sugar in the blood.”
The study stands out because it shows that lack of sleep is both associated with excess weight and that it causes weight gain, says Jean-Philippe Chaput, a senior scientist at the Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, who studies sleep health and obesity and was not involved in this research.
东安大略儿童医院（Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario）研究睡眠健康与肥胖的资深科学家让-菲利普·沙普（Jean-Philippe Chaput）指出，这项研究的独特之处在于，它揭示了睡眠不足不仅与超重存在关联，更是体重增加的直接诱因。他本人未参与此项研究。
“It shows what we already know in a more robust study design,” Chaput says.
沙普评价道：“这项研究以更为严谨的设计，印证了我们早已了解的事实。”
robust
robust /rəʊˈbʌst/ 表示“（人或动物）强壮的，茁壮的；（东西或系统）坚固的，耐用的，结实的；强劲的；富有活力的；强健的；强壮的”，英文解释为“(of a person or animal) strong and healthy, or (of an object or system) strong and unlikely to break or fail”举个🌰：He looks robust and healthy enough. 他看起来非常强壮健康。
📍这个词来自拉丁语“robustus”，意味着“强壮的”。用来形容结构“坚固”的或系统“强健”的。想象新软件更加“强健”，出现问题更少。近义词：sturdy（结实的），同根词：robustness（强健），常用短语：robust system（强健的系统）
📍在计算机科学、控制科学与工程等领域有个词叫“鲁棒性”，就是从robustness音译而来，可以用于反映一个系统在面临着内部结构或外部环境的改变时也能够维持其功能稳定运行的能力。
One pound of weight gain over six weeks may not seem like a lot, Chaput adds, but it could become more significant if participants kept the same habits for many more months or years.
沙普补充道，六周内增加一磅体重或许看似微不足道，但若参与者将同样的习惯延续数月乃至数年，其累积效应便会不容小觑。
St-Onge hopes to focus her future research on potential interventions and the positive impact of getting enough sleep, she says.
圣翁热表示，她希望未来的研究能聚焦于潜在的干预手段，以及充足睡眠所带来的积极效应。
intervention
intervention /ˌɪn.təˈven.ʃən/ 表示“干涉，介入；（由家庭成员、朋友或医护人员共同开会劝导有酗酒或毒瘾问题者接受现实并开始治疗的）干预活动”，英文解释为“Intervention is the act of intervening in a situation. A meeting at which someone with a drug or alcohol problem is asked by family members, friends, or health workers to accept the fact that they have a problem and is encouraged to get treatment”
“It's easy to say that if you restrict your sleep, you have bad health outcomes. But the goal in life is not to do something bad to see if it has bad outcomes,” she says. “The goal in life is to do something good and then determine if it has healthful outcomes. So I think we should do a lot more of that now that we know that short sleep is not good.”
她说：“我们很容易断言，限制睡眠会导致不良健康后果。但人生的目标，并非去做有害之事，再观察其恶果。人生的目标，是去做有益之事，然后探究其是否带来健康福祉。因此，我认为，既然我们已经知道睡眠不足不好，就应该更多地去做这类（探寻好处的）研究。”
- 词汇盘点 -
- 词汇助记 By AI -
LearnAndRecord
2015年2月8日
2026年7月14日
第4175天
每天持续行动学外语