14岁初中生突发脑梗，家长：孩子经常吃外卖、烧烤和油炸食物，长期把饮料、奶茶当水喝！医生提醒

10月31日，话题“14岁女初中生突发脑梗”登上热搜，引发关注和讨论。

A 14-year-old girl's acute stroke, attributed to years of sugary drinks and high-fat takeout, has drawn attention to cerebrovascular risks among China's younger population.

近日，中国科学技术大学附属第一医院（安徽省立医院）神经内科接诊了一例年仅14岁的急性脑卒中患者。

医生回忆，“小女孩来的时候已经出现了严重的一侧肢体偏瘫、口角歪斜，我们给她做了头颅影像和临床检查，明确是急性脑卒中”。

Doctors at the First Affiliated Hospital of USTC in Hefei, Anhui province, said the patient arrived with severe one-sided paralysis and facial droop. Brain imaging and clinical examination confirmed an acute stroke.

追问病史时，家属提到，孩子长期把饮料、奶茶当水喝，从来不喝白开水，经常吃外卖，烧烤、油炸食物吃得多，这样的饮食习惯持续了好几年。正是长期高糖、高脂饮食和不良生活习惯，让年轻人的血管提前亮起了红灯。

When they questioned the family about her medical history, relatives said she had long consumed sugary drinks and milk tea, never drank plain water, often ate takeout, and frequently ate barbecue and fried food. The pattern had persisted for several years. 

医学上把发病年龄在18岁至45岁的脑卒中称为青年卒中。近年来，其发病率呈明显上升趋势，全球范围内，青年缺血性脑卒中的发病率在过去十年间增加了40%。

Such cases are classified as young stroke when they occur between ages 18 and 45. In recent years, the incidence has risen markedly, with the global incidence of ischemic stroke among young adults increasing by 40 percent over the past decade.

高危人群包括：

• 有家族史的人；

• 高血压、糖尿病、高血脂、房颤、脑卒中病史、长期吸烟酗酒的人；

• 长期睡眠差、抑郁、缺少社交、很少运动的人。

此外，男性患病风险高于女性。高危人群建议40岁起定期做颈动脉超声、经颅多普勒、心电图等筛查，早监测、早干预。

Men face a higher risk than women. High-risk individuals are advised to begin regular screening at age 40, including carotid ultrasound, transcranial Doppler, and electrocardiogram checks.

牢记这两个救命口诀

医生介绍，卒中救治具有极强的时间依赖性，快速识别是获得有效救治的前提。

Because treatment is highly time-dependent, doctors stress rapid recognition. The "120" and "BEFAST" mnemonics help identify warning signs, with the latter also covering balance and vision problems.

大脑求救信号，可参考“120”口诀：

而“BEFAST”口诀更为全面，增加了对平衡和视力的观察。

如何预防脑卒中？

①防寒保暖。

特别要注意头部保暖，戴好围巾、帽子和手套，避免血压突然升高。

Stay warm in cold weather, with particular attention to the head and the use of hats, scarves, and gloves to help prevent sudden spikes in blood pressure.

②健康饮食，戒烟戒酒。

减少高糖、高盐、高脂肪及加工食品的摄入；及时戒烟戒酒，养成良好的生活方式。

Adopt healthier eating habits by cutting back on sugary drinks, high-salt, high-fat, and processed foods. Quit smoking and limit alcohol.

③定期参与体育活动。

建议每周进行150分钟的中等强度有氧运动或75分钟的高强度有氧运动。

Engage in at least 150 minutes of moderate-intensity aerobic exercise or 75 minutes of vigorous-intensity exercise each week.

④保持规律作息。

每晚保证7小时至9小时的充足睡眠。

Maintain a regular daily routine and get seven to nine hours of sleep a night.

⑤规范用药。

对于已经确诊的慢性病患者，应规范用药，把血压、血糖、血脂控制住。

Take prescribed medicines as directed and keep blood pressure, blood sugar and blood lipids under control, measures especially important for patients already diagnosed with chronic conditions.

来源：央视财经 央视新闻 大皖新闻 中国青年报

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